Module 2: Research Methods and Statistical Thinking
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Descriptice | Information is collected without changing the environment in any way
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| Correlational | Statistical measurement of the relationship between two different variables
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| Experimental | Applying experimental methods to a psych study
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| Case Study | An in-depth study of one person
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| Naturalistic Observation | Observing subjects in their natural habitat
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| Survey | Data collection tool to gather information about a subject or subjects
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| Archival | Collecting data from resources that already exist
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| Longitudal | Looking at variables for an extended amount of time
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| Cross-Section | Looking at a lot of data/variables from one population at one time
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| The Belmont Report | Federal regulations for the protection of human research participants
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| Respect for Persons | Recognition of someone as an autonomous and free person
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| p-value | The probability that the results happened by random chance
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| Independent Variable | The variable that is changed (manipulated)
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| Dependent variable | The variable that tells the results (responding)
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| Cause and Effect | When one thing is a reason for another
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| Cofounding Variable | A variable that explains two random things correlated.
Example: The sun is the cofounding variable between the correlation that melting ice cream leads to sunburns
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| Directionality | A problem with two variables, when cause and effect are not known
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| Random Assignment | When a person is assigned to a study group in no certain pattern or with no reasoning
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| Generalizability | How useful the results from a sample are for the general population
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| Simple Random Sample | When participants are chosen in groups using a fair choice such as a coin toss
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| Beneficence | Protecting the welfare and rights of participants
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| Justice | The fair resolution when it comes to conflicts
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| Quantitative | Numerical or measurable data
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| Categorical | Characteristic used to classify units
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| Reliability | How repeatable the test is - if you get the same results each time
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| Validity | How accurate and true the test is
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| Population | Individuals in a geographical area
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| Sample | A smaller group taken from a population
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| Mean | The average value
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| Standard Deviation | The measure of variability in a set of data
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| Correlation Coefficient | A number used to estimate the level of relationship between two variables, -1 is negative correlation, 0 is no correlation, 1 is positive correlation
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| Convenience Sample | Taking a sample from who is available, not very reliable and can have bias
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| Representative Sample | Parallels the population as a whole, but is a smaller sample
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| Spurious/Illusory Correlation | Belief of a cause and effect that isn't actually true
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| Control Group | A group that doesn't receive the experimental treatment (hasn't been impacted by an independent variable in order to compare to the dependent variable)
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| Experimental Group | A group that receives the experimental treatment (the independent variable or the impact of it in order to measure the significance of it)
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| Random Selection | People chosen in a study by chance
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| Experimenter Bias | Errors in the research process or wrong interpretations of the results because of a researcher's beliefs or behaviors
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| Placebo Effect | When behavior is changed because of a belief
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| Experimental Blinding | When participants or researchers don't know who is the control group and who is the experimental group in order to prevent placebo and bias
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To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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Created by:
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