8th Grade Earth Science Chapter 9: Minerals & Ores Coach Leach
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| Mineral | A naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid that has a definite chemical composition.
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| Ore | A rock containing valuable minerals.
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| Compound Mineral | A mineral made of a chemical compound.
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| Mineralogist | A chemical geologist who manly identifies, classifies, and analyzes minerals.
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| Streak Test | A color test used to identify a mineral which involves rubbing a mineral on a ceramic plate to produce a powder with its characteristic color.
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| Luster | The amount and quality of light a mineral reflects.
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| Cleavage | A property of some mineral crystals that easily split along distinct planes.
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| Fracture | The characteristic manner in which some minerals break.
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| Hardness | In mineralogy, a minerals ability to resist scratching that relates to the strength of its crystal structure.
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| Mohs Scale | A scale of 1 to 10 used for rating the relative hardness of a mineral.
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| Specific Gravity | The ration of a mineral's density to the density of water at 4 degrees Celsius.
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| Acid Test | A test used to identify certain minerals by observing their reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce gas bubbles.
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| Native Mineral | A mineral made up of only one element that naturally occurs in its pure state.
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| Silicate | A mineral family composed of minerals that contain silicon and oxygen; also more than 90% of the earth's crust is made of this.
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| Oxide | A mineral family composed of minerals containing oxygen and a metal
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| Sulfide | A mineral family composed of minerals containing one or more metals and sulfur.
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| Carbonate | A mineral family composed of minerals that contains one or more metal atoms and carbonate; also produces carbon dioxide when treated with an acid.
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| Halide | A mineral family of salt compounds which is chemically the same as table salt.
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