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physics unit 1

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Term
Definition
equation   a statement that the values of two math expressions are equal (indicated by the sign =).  
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law   A rule describing a relationship that always works in the same way under the same conditions.  
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frequency   the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time.  
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oscillition   movement back and forth at a regular speed  
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wave period   the time it takes to complete one cycle.  
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amplitude   the distance from the resting position to the top of a crest or to the bottom of a trough.  
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geocentrism   the belief that the Earth is at the center of the Universe.  
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heliocentrism   the belief that the Sun is at the center of the Universe  
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acceleration   the rate at which velocity changes over time.  
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centripetal force   Any force that keeps an object moving in a circle.  
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velocity   a speed in a specific direction.  
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terminal velocity   the final, maximum velocity of the following object.  
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force   a push or pull’ something that changes the motion of an object.  
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friction   A force that resists the motion between two surfaces in contact.  
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energy   The ability to do work or to cause a change.  
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theory   a well-tested explanation of a phenomenon that is consistent with all available evidence.  
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inertia   the resistance of an object to a change in speed or direction of its motion.  
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joule   a unit used to measure energy and work  
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kinetic energy   the energy of motion.  
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newtons first law of energy   energy is neither created nor destroyed but transformed and transferred from one form to another.  
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newtons first law of motion   a law stating that the acceleration of an object increases with increased force, and decreases with increasing mass.  
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newtons second law of motion   a law stating that the acceleration of an object increases with increased force, and decreases with increasing mass.  
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law of conservative momentum   the amount of momentum does not change in a system as long as there is no outside force acting on that system.  
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momentum   a measure of mass in motion.  
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motion   a change of position over time.  
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vector   a quantity that has both size and direction.  
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relative motion   the idea that the observation of motion depends on the observer.  
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newtons third law of motion   a law stating that every time one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts a force that is equal in size and opposite in direction back on the first object.  
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frequency of a wave   the number of waves that pass a fixed point in unit time  
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