For science exam
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| Organism | An individual living thing such as a plant, animal, fungus, bacterium, archaeon, or protist
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| Living | Condition of being alive
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| Dead | No longer alive
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| Nonliving | Referring to something that has never been alive
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| Energy | The capacity to do work
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| Gas exchange | Process of moving gases into and out of your body
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| Waste | Solids, liquids, or gases that are unusable by the cells of organisms and must be moved out of the cell
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| Environment | Everything that surrounds and influences an organism
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| Adaptation | Any structure or behavior of an organism that allows it to survive in its environment
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| Dormant | State of suspended activity; alive, but inactive
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| Response | An organism’s reaction to a stimulus in the environment
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| 5 NEEDS of all living organisms | 1. Food/energy
2. Water
3. Participates in gas exchange
4. Get rid of waste
5. Suitable environment
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| 3 FUNCTIONS of all living things | 1. Grow
2. Reproduce
3. Responds to environment
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| What is the equation to calculate total magnification? | Objective lens magnification x eyepiece magnification = total magnification
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| 4X x X = X | 10 n' 40
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| 10X x X = X | 10 n' 100
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| 40X x X = X | 10 n' 400
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| Objective Lens: 4X 10X 40X Total Magnification: 40X 100X 400X | Width of Field of View (FOV):
4mm
About 1.5mm
About 0.4mm
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| Chlorophyll | Green pigment in chloroplasts that captures light energy to make sugars during photosynthesis
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| Paramecia | Ciliated protist that lives in freshwater and eats other tiny organisms for food
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| Multicellular organism | An organism made of more than one cell
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| Single-celled organism | An organism made of one cell that carries out all the functions of living
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| Cell wall | A rigid layer that supports the cell and provides shape
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| Cell membrane | Boundary that controls what enters and leaves the cell
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| Cytoplasm | Internal fluid that contains the cell structures
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| Central vacuole | Membrane that stores water and other substances and provides structure and support for the cell
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| Chloroplast | An organelle that converts the Sun’s energy into food (sugars)
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| Contractile vacuole | Membrane that stores water and expels excess water
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| Food vacuole | Membrane that stores food and merges with a lysosome to digest food
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| Endoplasmic reticulum | Membranous structure that assembles proteins and parts of the cell membrane
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| Mitochondria | Organelle that converts the energy in food into usable energy for the cell
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| Nucleus | Organelle that contains the cell’s genetic material (DNA), which determines the nature of cell structures and substances
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| Ribosome | Structure that makes proteins, free or bound to the endoplasmic reticulum
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| Lysosome | Organelle that digests cellular waste
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| Vacuole | Membrane stores water and other materials
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| Eukaryotes | Organism made of cell or cells that contain a nucleus and organelles
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| Prokaryotes | Single-celled organism that has no nucleus or organelles
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