Cancer
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| - TMN | T is for tumor, N is for node involvement, M is the presence of distant metastasis
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| - Stage One | cancer confined to the organ of origin
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| - Stage Two | cancer that is locally invasive
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| - Stage Three | cancer that has spread to regional structures such as lymph nodes
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| - Stage Four | cancer that had spread to distant sites, such as liver cancer spreading to the lung or a prostate cancer spreading to the bone
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| malignant | Grow Fast, high mitotic index, poorly diferentiated, not encapsulated, invade local structure and tissues, spred distantly threw the blood stream
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| benign | Grow Slow, low mitotic index, well differentiated, well defined capsule, not invasive, not metastasized
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| What pathogens have been implicated as carcinogens? | - Helicobacter pyliri
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| What is the role of infection in cancer morbidity and mortality | - Infection is the most significant cause of complications and death in people with malignant disease
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| Chemotherapy goals | - The goal of chemotherapy is to radicate enough tumor cells so that the body’s natural defenses can eradicate remaining cells
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| Chemotherapy side effects | - Side effects include oral ulcers, malabsorbtion, malnutrition (anemia) diarrhea. Can also cause bone marrow suppression (leukopenea, toxic to bone marrow) and (thrombocytopenia, result of malignancy in the bone marrow or chemotherapy). Also experience
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| The effects of stress on the immune system | - Cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, arthritis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, COPD and some cancers
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| Stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome | - 1. The alarm stage
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| Sarcoma- | connective tissue
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| Lymphoma | endothelial
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| Carcinoma- | epithelium
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| Leukemia | lymphoid Tissue
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| Types of cancer surgeries (the two main categories | - Surgical biopsy of tumor
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| Suspected dietary carcinogens | - Dietary fiber, which probably promotes rapid passage of food threw the digestive tract, and selenium which appears to destroy cytotoxic radicals when reacting at low levels
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