cell membranes and crossing the membrane
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| phospholipid | forms bilayer of cell membrane with nonpolar tails sandwiched in the middle
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| transport protein | membrane protein that lets polar, charged or large materials in or out of the cell
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| receptor protein | membrane protein that binds to a signal molecule
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| diffusion | movement from areas of higher to areas of lower until equilibrium
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| equilibrium | even distribution or balance so no net change occurs
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| solute | material dissolved in a solvent
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| solvent | liquid that dissolves solutes
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| facilitated diffusion | movement across a cell membrane down the gradient through a transport protein
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| passive transport | any movement across a cell membrane down the gradient without additional energy
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| active transport | movement against the gradient from lower areas to higher areas using energy
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| protein pump | transport protein that forces materials across the membrane against their gradient
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| exocytosis | when vesicle fuses with cell membrane to transport larger stuff OUT
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| endocytosis | when vesicle forms from cell membrane to transport larger stuff IN
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| permeable | allowed to pass across a membrane
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| selectively permeable | lets some stuff across a membrane but blocks other stuff
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| osmosis | facilitated diffusion of water down its gradient across a membrane
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