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Grade 10 Geography

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Term
Definition
Carrying Capacity   The number of people an area can support on a sustainable basis given the available space, resources and prevailing technology  
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Birth Rate   The number of live births occurring among the population of a given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 people  
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Death Rate   The number of deaths occurring among the population of a given geographical area during a given year per 1,000  
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Infant mortality rate   The number of deaths of children under one year of age occurring in a given geographical area during a year, per 1,000 live births  
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Life expectancy   The average number of years a newborn infant would live given the patterns of mortality at time of birth  
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Population density   The population (number of people living) per square kilometre  
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Fertility Rate   The average number of children born to each woman in her child-bearing years.​  
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Infant Mortality Rate   Number of deaths to live born infants under one year of age per 1000  
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Rate of Natural Increase   (Crude birth rate − Crude death rate) / 1000 x 100​%  
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Natural increase         All the factors that cause a population to increase naturally, ​ which include infant mortality rate, contraception, urbanization, life expectancy and education level.​     
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Migration   The movement of people from place to place  
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Emigration   The movement of people FROM a country  
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Immigration   The movement of people INTO a country  
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Rural-urban migration   The movement of people from rural areas to cities  
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Counter-migration   The movement of people out of cities back to rural areas  
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Refugee   Those who cross international boundaries to escape persecution or seek refuge from danger (legal status granted).  
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Asylum Seeker   Those who have claimed to be refugees but have not (yet) gained legal refugee status.  
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Illegal immigrant   People who enter a country without the necessary legal permission  
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Urbanization   The increase in the percentage % of people that live in urban areas​  
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Internally Displaced Persons   Those who have been forced to move from one place to another WITHIN their own country.  
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Exiles   Political migrants who cannot return to their home country  
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Migrant Workers   Short-term movement (temporary) where they live in an area where there is work for them.  
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Dependency Ratio   The proportion of people living in a country who depend on the working class to survive.  
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Brain Drain   The loss of professional/skilled workers who emigrate due to job prospects overseas.  
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Xenophobia   The fear or hatred of foreigners.  
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Demographic Transition Model   Shows the historical shift from high birth rates and high infant death rates in societies with minimal technology, education and economic development, to low birth rates and low death rates in societies with advanced technology.  
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