newborn assessment
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| normal heart rate | 120-160
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| normal respiratory rate | 30-60
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| normal temperature | 97.8-99
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| normal blood pressure | 80/46
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| head circumference | 32-36.8 cm or 13-14 in
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| microcephaly | small head related to body size
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| craniostenosis | premature closure of the skull sutures
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| if head circumference is > or equal to 4 cm more than the chest than what is suspected | hydrocephaly
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| normal chest circumference | 30-33 cm or 12-13 in
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| normal length | 18-22 in
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| if longer than normal may be a sign of? | chromosonal abberation
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| normal weight | 2500-4000 grams or 5-9 lbs
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| healthy newborn needs how many kcal/hr | 90-120 kcal/hr
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| skin texture should be | soft without scales
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| turgor is best done | over the sternum
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| subcutaneous fat | insulates newborn from temperature extremes
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| vernix caseosa | white cheesy substance found on the skin after birth. Consider this a body fluid.
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| lanugo | downy fine hair found on shoulder, pinea of the ear, and forehead. Preterm baby will have more.
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| acrocyanosis | body is pink and extremities are blue
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| cyanosis | over all body, very dangerous sign
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| harlequin color change | unknown in origin, is a color discrepency between light and dark.
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| Jaundice | yellowish tint related to excessive billirubin. Normal after 24 hour. check sclera
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| pallor | may be a sign of cardiovascular disease
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| erythema toxicum | normal newborn rash, dark red in color, normaly found on abdomen, back, and diaper area, goes away in 24-48 hours
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| milia | small pin size pearly balls on nose and face. Clogged sebaceous glands
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| diaper rash | generalized rash, contact dermatitis, with or without vesicles, papules, or pustules
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| capillary hemangioma | blood filled bIrth marks, vascular lesions from newly formed capillaries
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| telangiectatic nevi | (stork bite)pink irregular shaped flat areas. blanch with pressure. most commonly occurs on the upper eyelids or back of the neck.fades between 1st qnd 2nd year of life
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| nevus flammeus | composed of newly formed capillaries in the (PORT WINE STAIN) papillary layer of the skin. red/purple, flat birth mark, huge in appearance, usually on the face or thigh. Doesn't blanch and goes away on its own
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| nevus vasculosus | (strawberry mark) bright or dark red raised areas caused by dilated, newly formed capillaries. 75% found on head. Can remain till school age or longer.
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| mongolian spot | bruised appearance. most common on buttocks. usually in dark skinned individuals, only 9% in caucasions. Fades over months or years
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| petechiae | caused by increase in vascular pressure. disappears in 1-2 days
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| edema normally found on | hands feet and pubis, disappears in 2-3 days
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| nails should | Extend beyond nail bed
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| molding | over riding of the sutures of the skull
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| caput succedaneum | edematous swelling beneath the scalp. caused by prolonged pressure of head against cervix. COVERS SUTURE LINE Most common over occiput, disappears in 3-4 days
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| cephalohematoma | not present at birth, develops 24 hrs. soft bulge, DOESN'T CROSS SUTURE LINE, disappears in 3-6 wks
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| plagiocephaly | flattened occiput on one side and prominence of frontal region. Caused by lying in one position, can be permanent
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| dry and brittle hair indicates | endocrine disorder
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| fontanels | found on infants head, should be open, flat and slightly depressed
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| anterior fontanel | diamond shaped, closes at 18 months, 1-6 cm sagital and coronal sutures
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| posterior fontanel | triangle in shape, closes at 2 months, 1-2cm, sagital and lamdoidal sutures
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| bulging of fontanel indicates | increased intracranial pressure
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| depression of fontanel indicates | dehydration
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| is edema of eye lids normal | yes for 2 days after birth
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| Mongoloid slant of the eyes indicates | Down Syndrome
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| Normal color of Iris | grey or blue in caucasion, blue to brown in other races
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| red light reflex if abnormal indicates | if white could be tumor or congenital cataracts
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| corneal light reflex | shine a light in eyes, look for reflection light should fall equally in each pupil
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| if pinna of ear is below outer canthus of eye then this could indicate | kidney problems or mental retardation
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| lack of cartilage in ear indicates | prematurity
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| preauricular tags | extra skin around ears. kidney problems
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| flaring of the nose after 1st 15 mins indicates | respiratory distress
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| epstein's pearls | pin size white or yellow elevated epithelial cysta, normal variant
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| thrush | milk white spots, contraced when baby passes through birth canal
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