AP Biology Unit 8 Vocab- Magdaleno
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Biotic factor | Living component of an ecosystem
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| Abiotic factor | Non-living component of an ecosystem; ex: amount of light, temperature
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| Biomass | The total mass of organic matter comprising a group of organisms in a particular habitat
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| Biodiversity | The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem
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| Autotroph | An organism that obtains organic food molecules (ex: glucose) without eating; first trophic level in an ecosystem
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| Photosynthesis | The process of using energy from sunlight to produce carbohydrates or food
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| Cellular respiration | The process of breaking down organic molecules to produce ATP
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| Chemosynthesis | The process of using energy derived from inorganic molecules to produce carbohydrates or food
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| Inorganic | Not consisting of or deriving from living matter; ex: ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methane
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| Heterotroph | An organism that obtains organic food molecules (ex: glucose) by eating
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| Detritivore/ decomposers | A consumer that derives its energy and nutrients from nonliving organic material such as corpses, fallen plant material, and the wastes of living organisms
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| Omnivores | Eats both consumers and producers
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| Carnivores | Eats other consumers
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| Herbivory | An interaction in which an organism eats parts of a plant or algae
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| Trophic level | A feeding level in an ecosysem
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| Primary consumer | An organism that eats plants or other autotrophs; a herbivore or omnivore
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| Secondary consumer | An organism that eats the first consumer; a carnivore or omnivore
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| Symbiosis | A relationship between organisms of two different species that live together in direct contact; ex: mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism
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| Mutualism | A symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit
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| Parasitism | A symbiotic relationship in which one organism, the parasite, benefits at the expense of another, the host, by living within or on the host
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| Invasive species | Species that have been introduced, or moved, by human activities to a location they do not naturally occur and cause ecological problems
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| Exponential growth | Growth of a population in an ideal, unlimited environment; represented by a J-shaped curve when population size is plotted over time
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| Logistic growth | Population growth that levels off as population size approaches carrying capacity
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| Carrying capacity | The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources; symbolized as K
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| Limiting factor | A factor that restrains growth of a population
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| Density-dependent factor | Are factors where the effects on the size or growth of a population vary with the density of the population itself; ex: competition for resources, predation, or disease
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| Keystone species | A species that is not necessarily abundant in a community yet exerts strong control on community structure by the nature of its ecological role or niche
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| Density-independent factor | Any factor limiting the size of a population whose effect is not dependent on the number of individuals in the population; ex: deforestation
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| Population | A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area
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| Community | All the organisms that inhabit a particular area
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| Commensalism | A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected
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| Thermoregulation | Process of maintaining an internal temperature within a tolerable range.
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| Endotherm | An organism that is internally warmed by a heat-generating metabolic process; warm blooded
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| Ectotherm | Ectotherm
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