Welding Vocabulary
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| Arc Voltage | The voltage that runs along the welding arc.
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| Base Metal | The metal material that will be welded or cut.
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| Cutting Torch | Tool used in gas cutting to control the gases that are used for preheating and cutting metal.
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| Goggles | safety equipment worn to protect the welder’s eyes from harmful radiation while welding and cutting.
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| Helmet | protection equipment worn to protect the welder’s face and neck.
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| Liquidus | the lowest temperature where metal becomes liquid
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| Melting Point | the temperature that needs to be reached to allow metal to begin to liquefy.
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| Melting Range | the range of temperatures between solidus and liquidus.
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| Solidus | the highest temperature where a metal remains completely solid.
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| Tempering | process of reheating hardened steel below the lowest critical temperature and then allowing it to cool to make the steel stronger.
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| Weld | a point where metals have been fused together by heating the materials to a suitable temperature. Filler metals or pressure may be used to accomplish the weld.
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| Welder Certification | document certifying that the welder has made his welds according to the standards prescribed.
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| Welding Torch | tool used for gas welding to control the flow of gases used.
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| Acetone | flammable and unstable liquid that is used to dissolve and stabilize acetylene.
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| Acetylene | a highly combustible gas that is made of carbon and hydrogen that is used in gas welding.
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| Alloy | a mixture of one or more elements with at least one being a metal.
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| Electrode | various materials that are used to conduct the welding current between the electrode holder and the welding arc.
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| Ferrite | a pure form of iron that exists below the lowest critical temperature.
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| Flux | cleaner used to clean metals to be welded, soldered or brazed. It also dissolves rust and releases any trapped gases that may be in the metal.
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| Nonferrous | metals that do not contain any iron. Examples of nonferrous metals include aluminum, bronze, copper, lead and titanium.
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| Welding Rod | filler metal that comes in a rod or wire form and is used in brazing and gas welding or in arc welding where the electrode does not produce filler metal.
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| Arc Cutting | cutting processes where materials are cut by melting that is caused by the heat of the arc between the electrode and the metal.
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| Arc Welding | welding methods where fusion is achieved by heating the materials to be joined using an electric arc(s). This may be done with or without filler material.
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| Bare Metal-Arc Welding | an arc welding method where fusion is accomplished by using an unshielded arc to produce heat between a bare or lightly coated electrode and the material to be welded. The filler metal comes from the electrode and pressure is not used.
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| Brazing | a welding method using a filler metal that is liquefied at a temperature above 800 F is distributed within a groove, flange or other type of joint and distributed through the joint via capillary action.
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| Braze Welding | a welding process where the filler metal is liquefied above 842 F and beneath the base metals’ solid state.
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| Carbon-Arc Welding | a welding method where fusion is created by an arc between a carbon electrode and the material to be welded.
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| Gas Welding | a welding process where a gas flame creates the welding heat.
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| Metal-Arc Welding | a welding process where the heat produced from an arc forms a weld by fusing a metal electrode and material to be welded together.
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| Pressure Welding | a welding process where pressure is used to make a weld.
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