Pathophysiology Week 1-3
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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show | MCMSERRC --> Movement, Conductivity, Metabolic Absorption, Secretion, Excretion, Respiration, Reproduction, Communication.
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Cells become specialized through what process? | show 🗑
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α-tubulin (a major building block protein) polymerizes with ß-tubulin into... | show 🗑
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show | ...break down fatty acids, clear harmful hydrogen peroxide, and synthesize some lipids.
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PMP34 is a transmembrane protein that resides throughout the membrane of a peroxisome and... | show 🗑
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show | ...are areas where cell membranes are sealed together by rows of protein complexes.
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show | ...the “molecular currency” of energy in the cell.
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show | ...converting it to urea for excretion via the urea cycle.
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show | ...Muscle cells can generate forces that produce motion. Muscles that are attached to bones produce limb movements, whereas those muscles that enclose hollow tubes or cavities move or empty contents when they contract (e.g., the colon).
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show | ...Conduction as a response to a stimulus is manifested by a wave of excitation, an electrical potential that passes along the surface of the cell to reach its other parts. Conductivity is the chief function of nerve cells.
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show | ...All cells can take in and use nutrients and other substances from their surroundings.
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Secretion... | show 🗑
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Excretion...All cells can rid themselves of waste products resulting from the metabolic breakdown of nutrients... | show 🗑
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show | ...Cells absorb oxygen, which is used to transform nutrients into energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration, or oxidation, occurs in organelles called mitochondria.
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show | ...Even without growth, tissue maintenance requires that new cells be produced to replace cells that are lost normally through cellular death. Not all cells are capable of continuous division.
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show | ...Communication is vital for cells to survive as a society of cells. Appropriate communication allows the maintenance of a dynamic steady state.
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show | ...The cells of higher animals and plants, as are the single-celled organisms, fungi, protozoa, and most algae.
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show | ...cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), bacteria, and rickettsiae.
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show | ...is the largest membrane-bound organelle.
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The primary functions of the nucleus... | show 🗑
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Most of the processing of RNA occurs in the... | show 🗑
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show | ...cytoplasm.
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Principal Cytoplasmic Organelles: Ribosomes... | show 🗑
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Principal Cytoplasmic Organelles: Endoplasmic reticulum... | show 🗑
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show | Responsible for processing and packaging proteins onto secretory vesicles that break away from the complex and migrate to various intracellular and extracellular destinations, including plasma membrane.
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Principal Cytoplasmic Organelles: Lysosomes...Cellular injury leads to release of lysosomal enzymes that cause cellular self-destruction... | show 🗑
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show | Similar to lysosomes but contain several oxidative enzymes (e.g., catalase, urate oxidase) that produce hydrogen peroxide; reactions detoxify various wastes.
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show | ...Enzymes of respiratory chain (electron-transport chain), found in inner membrane of mitochondria, generate most of cell's ATP (oxidative phosphorylation). Have a role in osmotic regulation, pH control, calcium homeostasis, and cell signaling.
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show | ...“Bone and muscle” of cell. Composed of a network of protein filaments, including microtubules and actin filaments (microfilaments); forms cell extensions (microvilli, cilia, flagella).
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show | ...Tiny indentations (caves) that can capture extracellular material and shuttle it inside the cell or across the cell.
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show | ...Cytoplasmic ribonucleoproteins shaped like octagonal barrels. Thought to act as “trucks,” shuttling molecules from nucleus to elsewhere in cell.
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show | ...fluid and electrolyte balance. Outer surfaces of plasma membranes in many cells are not smooth but are dimpled with cavelike indentations called caveolae; they are also studded with cilia or even smaller cylindrical projections called microvilli.
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Plasma Membrane Functions: Structure...cilia and microvilli... | show 🗑
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show | ...Barrier to toxic molecules and macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides). Barrier to foreign organisms and cells
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show | ...Hormones (regulation of cellular activity). Mitogens (cellular division). Antigens (antibody synthesis). Growth factors (proliferation and differentiation)
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Plasma Membrane Functions: Storage... | show 🗑
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show | ...Communication and attachment at junctional complexes. Symbiotic nutritive relationships. Release of enzymes and antibodies to extracellular environment. Relationships with extracellular matrix.
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Each lipid molecule is said to be polar, or amphipathic, which means... | show 🗑
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show | ...Phospholipids. Phospholipids have a phosphate-containing hydrophilic head connected to a hydrophobic tail.
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show | ...cholesterol and sphingolipid-dependent microdomains that form a network of lipid-lipid, protein-protein, and protein-lipid interactions.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
sonsmith