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med term 7&8*

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Question
Answer
gall bladder   the reservoir for bile on the posteroinferior surface of the liver  
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cystic duct   the duct through which bile from the gall bladder passes into the common bile duct  
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common bile duct   the duct formed by the juncture of the cystic and hepatic ducts  
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hepatic duct   bile drains form the liver into the hepatic duct  
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ampulla of vater   the dilation formed by the junction of the pancreatic and bile ducts as they open into the lumen of the duodenum  
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sphincter of oddi   a band of circular muscle fibers around the lower end of the common bile and pancreatic duct  
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biliary calculi   stones in the biliary system  
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cholangitis   inflammation of the bile duct  
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cholecysitis   inflammation of the gall bladder  
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cholecystolithiasis   presence of stones in the gall bladder  
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cholelith   gall stone  
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cholelithiasis   presence of stones in the gall bladder  
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cholecystogram   gall bladder examination  
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submandibular gland   one of a pair of round, walnut-sized salivary glands in the submandibular triangle, the gland secretes both mucus and a thinner serous fluid, which aid the digestive process  
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sublingual gland   one of a pair of small salivary glands situated under the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth, beneath the tongue, the sublingual gland secretes mucus produced by its alveoli.  
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parotid gland   one of the largest pairs of salivary glands that lie at the side of the face just below and in front of the external ear.  
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cardiac orifice   where the esophagus meets the stomach  
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fundus of the stomach   a cul-de-sac of the stomach that lies above the level of the cardiac orifice  
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greater curvature   the outer external curvature of the stomach  
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lesser curvature   the inner internal curvature of the stomach  
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body of the stomach   the large central portion of the stomach  
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pylorus   the funnel shaped terminal portion of the stomach where most digestion takes place  
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rugae   interior lining of the stomach shaped into numerous macroscopic longitudinal folds  
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pyloric sphincter   where the pylorus narrows to form the duodenal portion of the small intestine  
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duodenal cap   the first part of the superior portion of the duodenum  
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duodenum   the shortest, widest , and most fixed portion of the small intestine  
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jejunum   the middle of the three portions of the small intestine  
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ileum   the lower-third distal portion of the small intestine;extends from the jejunum to the cecum  
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ileo-cecal valve   where the ileum empties into the cecum  
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cecum   a pouchlike structure or cul-de-sac constituting the first part of the large intestine  
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appendix   a wormlike blunt process extending form the cecum  
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ascending colon   extends from the cecum to the lower border of the liver and turns abruptly to form the hepatic flexure  
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transverse colon   colon proceeding transversely to the left and curves beneath the lower end of the spleen to form the splenic flexure.  
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descending colon   colon proceeding downward until it becomes sigmoid colon in the pelvis  
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sigmoid colon   extends from the descending colon in the pelvis to the juncture of the rectum  
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rectum   lower part of the large intestine;continuous with the descending sigmoid colon, proximal to the anus  
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colic   spasmodic pains in the abdomen  
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colitis   inflammation of the colon  
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diaphragmatic hernia   hernia through the diaphragm  
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diverticula   outpouching of the wall of an organ  
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duodenitis   inflammation of the duodenum  
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enteritis   inflammation of the intestine  
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gastritis   inflammation of the stomach  
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hiatal hernia   hernia through the esophageal opening of the diaphragm  
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heitis   inflammation of the ileum  
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megacolon   abnormally distended colon  
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ulcer   lesion of the mucous surface of the alimentary canal  
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ulcerative colitis   inflammation and widespread ulcers in the colon  
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anastomosis   surgical, traumatic, or pathological formation of an opening between two normally distinct spaces or organs  
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intussusception   prolapse of one segment of bowel into the lumen of another segment.  
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kidney   two organs in the lumbar region that filter the blood, excreting the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine  
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pelvis   funnel shaped expansion of the upper end of the ureter into which the renal calices open  
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calices   one of the recesses of the pelvis of the kidney  
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renal cortex   the outer part of the substance of the kidney  
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poles of the kidney(upper/lower)   either end of an axis through the length of a kidney  
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ureter   one of a pair of tubes, about 30 cm. long that carries urine from the kidney into the bladder.  
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bladder   a muscular membranous sac in the pelvis that stores urine for discharge through the urethra  
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urethra   membranous canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder to the exterior of the body.  
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prostate   a gland surrounding the neck of the bladder and urethra in the male;it contributes a secretion to the semen  
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bladder diverticulum   outpouching of the bladder wall  
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cystitis   inflammation of the bladder  
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horseshoe kidney   congenital malformation of the kidney  
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incontinence   inability to control discharge of urine  
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lipoma   fatty tumor  
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liposarcoma   malignant fatty tumor  
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megabladder   enlarged bladder  
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nephritis   disease of the kidney characterized by inflammation and abnormal function  
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nephrolithiasis   disorder characterized by the presence of renal calculi  
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nephrolithotomy   the surgical removal of renal calculi  
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nephromagaly   extreme hypertrophy of one or both kidneys  
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nephroptosis   downward displacement of kidneys  
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perirenal abscess   abscess surrounding the kidney  
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polycystic kidney   multiple cysts of kidney  
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prostatism   chronic disease of the prostate gland  
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prostatitis   acute or chronic inflammation of the prostate gland, usually the result of an infection  
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benign prostatic hypertrophy   nonmalignant noninflammatory enlargement of the prostate, most common in men over 50 years of age  
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pyelitis   inflammation of the renal pelvis  
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renal hypertrophy   overgrowth of the kidney  
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ureterostenosis   narrowing of the ureter  
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crohn's disease   inflammatory condition of the intestinal trace, most commonly the ileum  
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dyspepsia   gastric indigestion or "upset stomach"  
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dysphagia   inability or difficulty in swallowing  
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emesis   vomiting  
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hematemesis   vomiting blood  
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pyloric stenosis   narrowing of the gastric pyloris  
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anoxia, hypoxia   absence or deficiency of oxygen in tissues  
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asphyxia   insufficient oxygen, "without pulse"  
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atelectasis   collapse of alveoli; incomplete expansion of the lung  
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pleural effusion   accumulation of fluid in the intrapleural spaces of the lungs  
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pulmonary edema   excessive fluid in the lungs  
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arrhythmia   irregularity in heart action  
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edema   condition where body tissues contain an excess of tissue fluid  
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hypertension   on separate occasions, blood pressure is higher than normal  
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fibrilitation   quivering or spontaneous muscle contractions  
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infarct   tissue that undergoes necrosis after loss of blood supply  
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ischemia   local and temporary deficiency of blood supply  
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thrombus, thrombi   blood clot that obstructs a vessel  
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claudication   lameness, limping  
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uremia   metabolic waste in the blood  
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fistula   abnormal passage from hollow organ to the surface, or from one organ to another  
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lethargy   abnormal activity or lack of response to normal stimuli  
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syncope   fainting  
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transient ischemic attack(TIA)   temporary interference with blood supply to the brain  
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dyspnea   difficulty breathing  
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tachycardia   rapid heart action  
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bradycardia   slow heart action  
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trachypnea   rapid breathing  
🗑
bladder diverticulum   outpouching of the bladder wall  
🗑
cystitis   inflammation of the bladder  
🗑
horseshoe kidney   congenital malformation of the kidney  
🗑
incontinence   inability to control discharge of urine  
🗑
lipoma   fatty tumor  
🗑
liposarcoma   malignant fatty tumor  
🗑
megabladder   enlarged bladder  
🗑
nephritis   disease of the kidney characterized by inflammation and abnormal function  
🗑
nephrolithiasis   disorder characterized by the presence of renal calculi  
🗑
nephrolithotomy   the surgical removal of renal calculi  
🗑
nephromagaly   extreme hypertrophy of one or both kidneys  
🗑
nephroptosis   downward displacement of kidneys  
🗑
perirenal abscess   abscess surrounding the kidney  
🗑
polycystic kidney   multiple cysts of kidney  
🗑
prostatism   chronic disease of the prostate gland  
🗑
prostatitis   acute or chronic inflammation of the prostate gland, usually the result of an infection  
🗑
benign prostatic hypertrophy   nonmalignant noninflammatory enlargement of the prostate, most common in men over 50 years of age  
🗑
pyelitis   inflammation of the renal pelvis  
🗑
renal hypertrophy   overgrowth of the kidney  
🗑
ureterostenosis   narrowing of the ureter  
🗑
crohn's disease   inflammatory condition of the intestinal trace, most commonly the ileum  
🗑
dyspepsia   gastric indigestion or "upset stomach"  
🗑
dysphagia   inability or difficulty in swallowing  
🗑
emesis   vomiting  
🗑
hematemesis   vomiting blood  
🗑
pyloric stenosis   narrowing of the gastric pyloris  
🗑
anoxia, hypoxia   absence or deficiency of oxygen in tissues  
🗑
asphyxia   insufficient oxygen, "without pulse"  
🗑
atelectasis   collapse of alveoli; incomplete expansion of the lung  
🗑
pleural effusion   accumulation of fluid in the intrapleural spaces of the lungs  
🗑
pulmonary edema   excessive fluid in the lungs  
🗑
arrhythmia   irregularity in heart action  
🗑
edema   condition where body tissues contain an excess of tissue fluid  
🗑
hypertension   on separate occasions, blood pressure is higher than normal  
🗑
fibrilitation   quivering or spontaneous muscle contractions  
🗑
infarct   tissue that undergoes necrosis after loss of blood supply  
🗑
ischemia   local and temporary deficiency of blood supply  
🗑
thrombus, thrombi   blood clot that obstructs a vessel  
🗑
claudication   lameness, limping  
🗑
uremia   metabolic waste in the blood  
🗑
fistula   abnormal passage from hollow organ to the surface, or from one organ to another  
🗑
lethargy   abnormal activity or lack of response to normal stimuli  
🗑
syncope   fainting  
🗑
transient ischemic attack(TIA)   temporary interference with blood supply to the brain  
🗑
dyspnea   difficulty breathing  
🗑
tachycardia   rapid heart action  
🗑
bradycardia   slow heart action  
🗑
trachypnea   rapid breathing  
🗑
bladder diverticulum   outpouching of the bladder wall  
🗑
cystitis   inflammation of the bladder  
🗑
horseshoe kidney   congenital malformation of the kidney  
🗑
incontinence   inability to control discharge of urine  
🗑
lipoma   fatty tumor  
🗑
liposarcoma   malignant fatty tumor  
🗑
megabladder   enlarged bladder  
🗑
nephritis   disease of the kidney characterized by inflammation and abnormal function  
🗑
nephrolithiasis   disorder characterized by the presence of renal calculi  
🗑
nephrolithotomy   the surgical removal of renal calculi  
🗑
nephromagaly   extreme hypertrophy of one or both kidneys  
🗑
nephroptosis   downward displacement of kidneys  
🗑
perirenal abscess   abscess surrounding the kidney  
🗑
polycystic kidney   multiple cysts of kidney  
🗑
prostatism   chronic disease of the prostate gland  
🗑
prostatitis   acute or chronic inflammation of the prostate gland, usually the result of an infection  
🗑
benign prostatic hypertrophy   nonmalignant noninflammatory enlargement of the prostate, most common in men over 50 years of age  
🗑
pyelitis   inflammation of the renal pelvis  
🗑
renal hypertrophy   overgrowth of the kidney  
🗑
ureterostenosis   narrowing of the ureter  
🗑
crohn's disease   inflammatory condition of the intestinal trace, most commonly the ileum  
🗑
dyspepsia   gastric indigestion or "upset stomach"  
🗑
dysphagia   inability or difficulty in swallowing  
🗑
emesis   vomiting  
🗑
hematemesis   vomiting blood  
🗑
pyloric stenosis   narrowing of the gastric pyloris  
🗑
anoxia, hypoxia   absence or deficiency of oxygen in tissues  
🗑
asphyxia   insufficient oxygen, "without pulse"  
🗑
atelectasis   collapse of alveoli; incomplete expansion of the lung  
🗑
pleural effusion   accumulation of fluid in the intrapleural spaces of the lungs  
🗑
pulmonary edema   excessive fluid in the lungs  
🗑
arrhythmia   irregularity in heart action  
🗑
edema   condition where body tissues contain an excess of tissue fluid  
🗑
hypertension   on separate occasions, blood pressure is higher than normal  
🗑
fibrilitation   quivering or spontaneous muscle contractions  
🗑
infarct   tissue that undergoes necrosis after loss of blood supply  
🗑
ischemia   local and temporary deficiency of blood supply  
🗑
thrombus, thrombi   blood clot that obstructs a vessel  
🗑
claudication   lameness, limping  
🗑
uremia   metabolic waste in the blood  
🗑
fistula   abnormal passage from hollow organ to the surface, or from one organ to another  
🗑
lethargy   abnormal activity or lack of response to normal stimuli  
🗑
syncope   fainting  
🗑
transient ischemic attack(TIA)   temporary interference with blood supply to the brain  
🗑
dyspnea   difficulty breathing  
🗑
tachycardia   rapid heart action  
🗑
bradycardia   slow heart action  
🗑
trachypnea   rapid breathing  
🗑


   

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