Final Exam
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is not a structural feature of a nearuon? | synaptic cleft
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| The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a(n) | axon
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| If one incoming impulse causes several outgoing nerve impulses, we know that there is a: | diverging circuit
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| The point at which an impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell is the: | synapse
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| The role of acetylcholinesterase is to: | destroy ACh a brief period after its release by the axonal endings.
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| Numerous nerve impulses arriving at a synapse at closely timed intervals exert a cumulative effect | Temporal summation
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| Stimulation of a postsynaptic neuron by many terminals at the same time. | Spatial summation
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| An insufficient stimulus | Subthreshold stiumulus
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| Any stimulus below this intensity will result in no response in a neuron. | Threshold stimulus
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| TorF The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. | FALSE
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| TorF Reflexes are rapid, automatic responses to stimuli. | TRUE
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| Efferent nerve fibers may be described as motor nerve fibers. | TRUE
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| Saltatory conduction occurs because of the presence of NaCl (salt) around the neuron. | FALSE
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| Neurotransmitters are releases at the _____. | Axonal terminal
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| The rough ER of the cell. ______ | Nissl bodies
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| Conducts impulses toward the nerve cell body. ______ | Dendrites
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| Conducts impulses away from the nerve cell body. ___________ | Axon
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| Period during which the neuron cannot respond to a second stimulus, no matter how strong. __________ | Absolute refractory period
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| The interior of the cell becomes less negative due to an influx of sodium ions. _________ | Depolarization
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| The specific period during which potassium ions diffuse out of the neuron due to a change in membrane permeability. _________ | Repolariation
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| Called a nerve impulse when transmitted. __________ | Action Potential
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| An exceptionally strong stimulus can trigger a response. ______ | Relative refractory period.
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| TorF Movement of the thigh are accomplished by muscles anchored to the pelvic girdle. | TRUE
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| TorF The insertion of the biceps brachii is on the radius. | TRUE
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| TorF The chewing muscle covering the ramus of the mandible is the buccinator. | FALSE
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| TorF A prime mover of the arm that acts in adduction would be the deltoid. | FALSE
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| TorF The soleus is a synergist of the gastrocnemius used in plantar flexion. | TRUE
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| TorF Muscles that help to maintain posture are often called synergist. | FALSE
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| TorF In order to propel food down the esophagus, the pharyngeal constrictor muscles would be use. | TRUE
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| TorF Plantar flexion at the ankle joint is accomplished by the tibialis anterior muscle. | FALSE
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| TorF The arrangement of a muscle's fascicles determines its range of motion and power. | TRUE
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| TorF Muscle power does not depend on the direction of the fascicles. | TRUE
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| TorF The calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon) is the largest, strongest tendon in the body. | TRUE
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| TorF A pair of tweezers is a good example of a second-class lever. | FALSE
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| TorF Both first- and second-class levers operated at a mechanical disadvantage. | FALSE
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| TorF Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes, the fascicle arrangement of each muscle is exactly the same. | FALSE
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| TorF Muscles are only able to pull, they never push. | TRUE
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| TorF The anconeus muscle flexes the knee and stabilizes the patella. | FALSE
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| Muscle that opposes and reverses the action of another muscle. _________ | Antagonist
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| Muscle that stabilizes the origin of another muscle _______ | Fixator
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| Muscle that is primarily responsible for bringing about a particular movement. _______ | Agonist
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| Muscle that aids another by promoting the same movement. ________ | Synergist
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| TorF The force of muscle contraction is controlled by multiple motor unit summation or recruitment. | TRUE
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| TorF Eccentric contractions are much more forceful than concentric contractions. | TRUE
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| TorF A nerve cell and all the muscle cells that is stimulates are referred to as a motor end plate. | FALSE
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| TorF Peristalsis is characteristic of smooth muscle. | TRUE
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| TorF A contraction in which the muscle does not shorten but its tension increases is called isometric | TRUE
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| TorF During isotonic contraction, the heavier the load, the faster the velocity of contraction. | FALSE
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| TorF During isometric contraction, the energy used appears as movement. | FALSE
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| TorF One of the important functions of skeletal muscle is production of heat. | TRUE
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| TorF Oxygen debt refers to the oxygen required to make creatine phosphate. | FALSE
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| TorF Muscle contraction will always promote movement of body parts regardless of how they are attached. | FALSE
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| TorF Although there are no sarcomeres, smooth muscle still possesses thick and thin filaments. | TRUE
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| TorF Whereas muscle cells are electronically coupled, smooth muscle cells appear to be chemically couple by gap junctions. | FALSE
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| TorF Single-unit smooth muscle is found in the intestines. | TRUE
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| TorF A resting potential is caused by a difference in the concentration of certain ions inside and outside the cell. | TRUE
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| TorF The effect of the nurotransmiter on the muscle cell membrane is to modify its permeability properties temporarily. | TRUE
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| TorF When a muscle fiber contracts, the I bands diminish in size, the H zones disappear, and the A bands move closer together but do not diminish in length. | TRUE
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| TorF The more slowly a skeletal muscle is stimulated, the greater its exerted force becomes. | FALSE
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