Respiratory
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| Tiny air sacs in the lungs where exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. | Alveoli
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| A lung disease characterized by inflamed, narrowed airways and difficulty breathing. | Asthma
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| The main passageways directly attached to the lungs | Bronchi
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| Small passages in the lungs that connect bronchi to alveoli | Bronchioles
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| A generic disorder that affects the lungs and other organs, characterized by difficulty breathing, coughing up sputum, and lung infections. | Cystic fibrosis
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| The passage of fluid to an organ or a tissue | Perfusion
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| A membrane around the lungs and inside the chest cavity | Pleura
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| A fluid secreted by alveoli and found in the lungs, prevents lung from collapsing (atelectasis) | Surfactant
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| The amount of air breathed in a normal inhalation or exhalation | Tidal volume
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| The windpipe, which connects the larynx to the lungs | Trachea
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| The movement of air in and out of the body via inhalation and exhalation | Ventilation
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| The "BLANK" mediates the uptake of oxygen for metabolism and the release of carbon dioxide (a waste product) into the atmosphere. | respiratory system
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| The respiratory system is divided into the: | Upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract
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| The upper respiratory tract includes | The nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, oral
cavity, pharynx, glottis, and larynx.
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| The lower respiratory tract begins at the | Trachea and extends into the lungs via of bronchus into bronchioles and ending at the alveoli, where gas exchange occur
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| The "BLANK" are the organs of respiration and are divided into"BLANK" lobes | lungs; three lobes on the right and two lobes on the left.
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| Air continues to flow from the nasal and oral cavities into the "BLANK" a pathway beginning in the back of the throat and ending at the glottis | Pharynx,
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| The "BLANK" is a shared passageway for both air and food and contains an opening for the digestive system, as well as the continuation of the respiratory system at the glottis. | pharynx
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| A flap called the "BLANK"covers the opening of the glottis during swallowing to prevent food and liquids from entering the lungs | epiglottis
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| The "BLANK" is the passageway for air through the vocal chords and leads to the larynx, commonly called the voice box. | Glottis
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| Sound is produced in the "BLANK" when air from the lungs is forced against the vocal chords. | larynx
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| Oxygen flow continues from the larynx into the "BLANK" which is the beginning of the lower respiratory tract. | Trachea
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| The "BLANK" also known as the windpipe, consists of a rigid tube of cartilaginous rings and lies anterior to the esophagus. | Trachea,
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| The trachea then splits into two main branches that enter the lungs, known as the | Right and left primary bronchi.
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| The primary bronchi of each lung branch repeatedly into the smaller | Secondary and even smaller tertiary bronchi.
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| The tertiary bronchi again branch into the microscopic tubes of the | Bronchioles.
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| Bronchioles divide further until they terminate in the air sacs of the lungs known as | The alveoli.
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| The walls of the alveoli are a, which allows for the simple diffusion of gases in and out. | Single layer of epithelial tissue
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| Alveoli are surrounded by "BLANK" whose walls also consist of a single layer of epithelial cells. | Capillaries,
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| Inhaled "BLANK" diffuses into the red blood cells in the surrounding capillaries and from there into the nearby tissues. | Oxygen
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| "BLANK" diffuses out of the tissues into the red blood cells and then the Alveoli to be exhaled from the lungs. | Carbon dioxide
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| The "BLANK" and "BLANK" in the brainstem monitor the levels of CO2 and pH in the blood. | Medulla oblongata and Pons
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| Increasing levels of "BLANK" causes an increase in "BLANK" , which makes the blood more acidic. This stimulates inhalation. | CO2, H+ ions
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| During "BLANK" , the muscular diaphragm below the rib cage and the intercostal muscles between the ribs contract simultaneously. | inhalation
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| "BLANK" increases the volume of the thoracic cavity and in turn causes the lung volume to "BLANK" . | Inhalation, increase
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| During inhalation the alveolar pressure inside of the lungs therefore "BLANK" , causing air to flow into the lungs down the pressure gradient from "BLANK" | Decreases, high (outside lungs) to low (inside lungs).
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| "BLANK" occurs passively with the relaxation of the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles. | Exhalation
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| The thoracic cavity "BLANK" in volume, causing a con "BLANK" in the lung volume. | Decreases
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| Alveolar pressure "BLANK" , and the elastic recoil from the lungs and thoracic wall causes air to flow out of the lungs once again down the pressure gradient | Increases
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| The amount of gas in the lungs after a maximum inspiration or deep breath. | The total lung capacity (TLC)
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| The"BLANK" plus the "BLANK" is equal to the total lung capacity. | vital capacity, residual volume
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| The amount of gas that can be exhaled after a maximum inspiration, as in exhaling after a deep breath is | The vital capacity (VC)
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| The amount of gas remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiration is | The residual volume (RV)
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| "BLANK" is a measure of the ease of expanding the lungs. | Lung compliance
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| Lung compliance depends on two respiratory characteristics: | The elasticity of the lung tissue and the alveolar surface tension.
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| "BLANK" causes destruction of elastic lung tissue, resulting in greater-than normal expansion of the lungs but poor recoil and increased residual volume. | Emphysema
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| "BLANK" cause increased resistance to lung expansion, resulting in a low compliance. | Asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer
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