Mix & Flow of Matter
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Agitation | stirring or shaking (19)
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| Archimedes’ Principle | a scientific principle stating that the buoyant force acting on a submerged object equals the weight (force of gravity) of the fluid displaced by the object (65)
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| Area | the amount of surface; measured in square units such as cm2 (304)
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| Average Density | the total mass of an object divided by the total volume (62)
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| Bar Graph | a diagram consisting of horizontal or vertical bars that represent (often numerical) data
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| Barometer | the most common device for measuring air pressure (76)
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| Buoyancy | the tendency to rise or float in a fluid (59)
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| Buoyant Force | the upward force exerted on objects submerged in or floating on a fluid (59)
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| Capacity | the largest amount that can be held by a container (usually measured in litres or millilitres)
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| Capacity Unit | unit used to measure the volume of liquids, e.g., the litre (L)
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| Change of State | the transformation of a substance’s physical state (whether solid, liquid, or gas) into another state
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| Circle Graph | a circle divided into sections (like pieces of a pie) to represent data; also called a pie chart
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| Classify | to group ideas, information, or objects based on their similarities
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| Colloid | a heterogeneous mixture in which particles do not settle (15)
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| Compressibility | the ability to be squeezed into a smaller volume; a property of gases
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| Compressible | capable of being squeezed into a smaller volume
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| Compressor | an electrical device that compresses air (82)
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| Conclusion | an explanation of the results of an experiment as it applies to the hypothesis being tested
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| Condensation | the process of changing from gas to liquid
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| Control | in a scientific experiment, a standard to which the results are compared; often necessary in order to draw a valid conclusion; ensures a fair test
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| Co-ordinate Graph | a grid that has data points named as ordered pairs of numbers, (e.g., (4, 3))
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| Cubic Units | the units used to report the volume of a substance (e.g., cm3)
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| Decompress | to release from pressure
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| Dehydration | the process of removing water from the solution
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| Density | the amount of mass in a certain unit volume of a substance (density equals mass divided by volume) (50)
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| Desalination | removal of dissolved salts from a solution
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| Desalination Plant | the buildings and machinery used in producing fresh water by removing salts from seawater
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| Displace | to move something out of the way (e.g., a solid object can displace water out of a container)
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| Dissolved Solids | salts, such as sodium, calcium, and magnesium found dissolved in water (449)
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| Dissolving | breaking up; forming a solution by mixing two or more materials together (17)
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| Distillation | a method of separating the parts of a liquid mixture
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| Emulsion | a mixture in which droplets of fat are prevented from joining together by an emulsifying agent (15)
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| Evaporation | vaporization that occurs slowly over a wide range of temperatures
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| Experiment | an activity or procedure designed to test a hypothesis
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| Exponent | in science or mathematics, a number, or power, that tells you how many times the number is multiplied by itself; e.g. 103 means 10 × 10 × 10 or 1000
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| Fair Test | an investigation (experiment) carried out under strictly controlled conditions to ensure accuracy and reliability of results. In a fair test, all variables are controlled except the one variable under investigation.
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| Feedback | the return of information from the output of a system to the input
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| Filtrate | the solution which passes through a filter paper or through a filtration device
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| Floating | remaining suspended in a fluid; for example, not falling in air or sinking in water (59)
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| Flow | pressure pressure that is caused by a moving fluid
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| Flow Rate | the volume of fluid that passes a point in a pipe or tube in a certain amount of time (40)
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| Fluid | any substance that flows; includes liquids and gases (2)
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| Fluidity | the ability to flow (2)
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| Force | a push or a pull, or anything that causes a change in the motion of an object (53, 304)
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| Fractional Distillation | a process that yields different petroleum products by separating parts of a solution
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| Freezing | the process of changing from liquid to solid
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| Freezing Point | the temperature at which a liquid freezes
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| Gas | the state of matter in which a substance has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume (e.g., water vapour) (7)
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| Graphic Organizer | a visual learning tool that helps clarify the relationship between a central concept and related ideas or terms
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| Gravity | the attractive force between masses; causes objects to be attracted to Earth (53)
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| Heterogeneous | made up of parts, or mixed (15)
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| Histogram | a type of bar graph in which each bar represents a range of values and in which the data are continuous
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| Homogeneous | the same in structure, quality, or kind (14)
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| Hydrometer | an instrument designed to measure the density of a liquid (67)
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| Hypothesis | a testable proposal used to explain an observation or to predict the outcome of an experiment; often expressed in the form of an “If …, then …” statement.
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| Impermeable | allowing no materials to pass through (128, 403)
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| Incompressible | incapable of being squeezed into a smaller volume (73)
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| Infer | to conclude or decide by reasoning
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| Inference | a conclusion or opinion formed by inferring
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| Insoluble | not able to be dissolved in a particular solvent (24)
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| Joule (J) | a unit used to measure energy or work; 1 J
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| Kilopascal (Kpa) | a unit of pressure equal to 1000 pascals (71)
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| Line Graph | a diagram that shows how one value depends on or changes according to another value; produced by drawing a line that connects data points plotted in relation to a y-axis (vertical axis) and an x-axis (horizontal axis)
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| Liquid | the state of matter in which a substance has a definite volume, but no definite shape (e.g., water) (7)
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| Manipulated Variable | in an experiment, a factor that is selected or adjusted to see what effect the change will have on the responding variable
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| Mass | the amount of matter in a substance; often measured with a balance (53)
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| Mechanical Mixture | mixtures that are obviously heterogeneous (15)
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| Melting | the process of changing from solid to liquid
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| Melting Point | the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid
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| Mixture | a combination of two or more pure substances such as that each one’s properties are not lost, but may be hidden (13)
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| Neutral Buoyancy | the condition in which the amount of force pulling down on an object immersed in a fluid (i.e., gravity) equals the amount of force pushing up (buoyancy) (65)
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| Particle Model of Matter | a scientific model of the structure of matter; one part of this theory states that all matter is made up of extremely small particles
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| Pascal (Pa) | a unit for pressure; newtons per square metre (N/m2) (71)
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| Pascal’s Law | a law stating that when pressure is exerted on one part of a fluid, the same pressure is transmitted unchanged to all parts of the fluid, no matter what the shape of the container holding the fluid (307)
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| Phases | separate parts of a mechanical mixture (15)
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| Pneumatic System | a system in which a gas, such as air, transmits a force exerted on the gas in an enclosed space (82, 313)
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| Pneumatics | the study of pressure in gases
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| Properties | characteristics that describe matter (13)
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| Pure Substance | a material that contains only one kind of particle
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| Rate of Dissolving | how fast a solute dissolves in a solvent
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| Saturated Solution | a solution in which no more solute will dissolve in a specific amount of solvent at a specific temperature (20)
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| Solid | the state of matter in which a substance has a definite shape and a definite volume (e.g., ice) (7)
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| Soluble | able to be dissolved in a particular solvent (18)
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| Solubility | the mass of a solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent to form a saturated solution at a given temperature (200)
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| Solute | a substance that dissolves in a solvent (e.g., salt is a solute that dissolves in water) (18)
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| Solution | a homogeneous mixture of two or more pure substances (14)
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| Solvent | a substance that dissolves a solute to form a solution (e.g., water is a solvent that dissolves salt) (18)
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| Sublimation | the process of changing from solid to gas without going through the liquid state
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| Supersaturated Solution | a solution that contains more solute than would normally dissolve at a certain temperature (21)
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| Suspension | a heterogeneous mixture in which particles settle slowly after mixing (15)
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| Table | an orderly arrangement of facts or numerical data set out for easy reference; for example, an arrangement of numerical values in vertical or horizontal columns
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| Temperature | a measure of the thermal energy of the particles in a substance
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| Theory | an explanation of an event that has been supported by consistent, repeated experimental results and has therefore been accepted by a majority of scientists
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| Unsaturated Solution | a solution in which more of the solute could
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| Dissolve | in a specific amount of solvent at the same temperature (20)
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| Vaporization | the process of changing from liquid to gas
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| Variable | a factor that can influence the outcome of an experiment
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| Viscosity | the measure of how fast a fluid will flow; the “thickness” or “thinness” of a fluid (40)
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| Volume | the measurement of the amount of space occupied by a substance; measured in litres or cubic units such as cubic centimetres (cm3) (53)
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| Weight | the force of gravity exerted on a mass (53)
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| Whmis | an acronym that stands for Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System
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| Work | the transfer of energy through motion
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