Review vocabulary for Apologia Physical Science Module 9-16
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| Reference point | A point against which position is measured
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| Vector quantity | A physical measurement that contains directional information
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| Scalar quantity | A physical measurement that does NOT contain directional information
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| Acceleration | the time rate of change of an object's velocity
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| Free fall | the state of an object that is falling towards the earth with nothing inhibiting its fall
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| Friction | A force resulting from the contact of two surfaces. This force opposes motion
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| Static friction | The friction that exists between surfaces when neither surface is moving relative to the other.
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| Kinetic friction | The friction that exists between surfaces when at least one of those surfaces is moving relative to the other.
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| Newton's 1st Law | The velocity of an object will not change unless the object is acted on by an outside force.
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| Newton's 2nd Law | When an object is acted on by an outside force, the strength of that force is equal to the mass of the object times the resulting acceleration.
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| Newton's 3rd Law | For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
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| 4 Fundamental Forces | gravitational, weak, strong, electromagnetic
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| photons | small "packages" of light that act just like small particles
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| charging by conduction | charging an object by allowing it to come into contactwith an object which already has an electrical charge
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| charging by induction | charging an object by forcing some of the charges to leave the object
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| electrical current | the amount of charge that travels through an electrical circuit each second
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| conventional current | current that flows from the positive side of the battery to the negative side. This is the way current is drawn in circuit diagrams, even though it is wrong
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| resistance | a measure of how much a metal impedes the flow of electrons
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| open circuit | a circuit that does not have a complete connection betweenthe two sides of the battery. As a result current does not flow.
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| transverse wave | a wave whose direction is perpendicular to its up and down motion
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| longitudal wave | a wave whose direction is parallel to its up and down motion
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| supersonic speed | any speed that is faster than the speed of sound in the substance of interest
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| sonic boom | the sound produced as a result of aircraft traveling at or above Mach 1
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| pitch | the highness or lowness of a sound
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| nuclear fusion | the process by which two or more nuclei fuse to make a bigger nucleus
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| nuclear fission | the process by which a large nucleus is split into two smaller nuclei
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| critical mass | the amount of isotope necessary to cause a chain reaction
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| star magnitude | the brightness of a star on a scale of -8 to +17. Smaller the number the brighter the star.
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| Light year | the distance light travels in one year.
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| galaxy | a massive ensemble of hundreds of millions of stars, all interacting through the gravitational force, orbiting around a common center
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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