Acute and Chronic Neurological Disorders
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| What function would be disrupted by damage to the frontal lobes of the brain? | Movement, intellectual function, and personality
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| What function would be disrupted by damage to Broca's area in the brain? | Speech (Cannot express themself, but can comprehend spoken language)
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| What function would be disrupted by damage to the parietal lobes of the brain? | Sensations(touch, pain, etc.)
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| What function would be disrupted by damage to the temporal lobes of the brain? | Hearing and smelling
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| What function would be disrupted by damage to the occipital lobes of the brain? | Vision
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| What function would be disrupted by damage to Wernicke's area of the brain? | Comprehension of speech
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| What function would be disrupted by damage to the reticular activating system of the brain? | Arousal or awareness
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| What function would be disrupted by damage to the cerebellum of the brain? | Body balance and position, as well as coordinated movement (Multiple Sclerosis)
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| What function would be disrupted by damage to the basal nuclei of the brain? | Coordination and control of body movement (Parkinson's Disease)
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| Would damage to the right frontal lobe likely cause effects on the right or left side of the brain? | Left side
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| What effects on vision would be expected to result from damage to the optic chiasm? | Vision loss in both eyes
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| What effects on vision would be expected to result from damage to the left optic nerve between the left eye and the optic chiasm? | Vision loss in the left eye
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| What effects on vision would be expected to result from damage to the left occipital lobe? | Loss of right visual field in both eyes
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| What is aphasia? | The inability to comprehend or express language
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| What is expressive aphasia? | The inability to write or speak fluently or appropriately.
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| What is receptive aphasia? | The inability to understand written or spoken language.
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| What causes seizures? | Excessive, spontaneous firing of neurons in the brain.
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| What are the common triggers of seizures? | Hypoxia, inflammation, fever, hemorrhage in the brain, or traumatic injury to the brain
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| Manifestations of Increased Intracranial Pressure | Decreasing level of consciousness, headache, vomitting, increased BP, decreased HR, fixed and dilated pupils
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| Why can there be a decreased level of consciousness due to increased intracranial pressure? | Pressure on the brainstem or cerebral cortex
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| What does stretching or distortion of meninges or walls of large blood vessels cause due to increased intracranial pressure? | Headache
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| What reflex does pressure on emetic center in the medulla cause? | Vomitting
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| What is the first sign of increased intracranial pressure? | Decreasing level of consciousness
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| What manifestations occur as a result of Cushing's reflex? | Increased mean arterial pressure, hypocapnia, and decreased respiration
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| What's one main difference between a transient ischemic attack and a cerebrovascular accident? | In a transient ischemic attack there is no cell death where there is cell death in a cerebrovascular accident
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