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Elements and Compounds - 6.5AB

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Term
Definition
Atom   The smallest particle of an element, made of electrons, protons, and neutrons.  
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Element   A pure substance composed of the same type of atom throughout.  
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Compound   A substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined in fixed amounts.  
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Substance   Any form of matter that is uniform throughout and has consistent properties.  
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Periodic Table of Elements   A table in which all the known elements are arranged by properties and are represented by one or two letters, referred to as chemical symbols.  
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Lithosphere   The rigid, outer part of Earth.  
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Hydrosphere   All of the water on Earth.  
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Biosphere   The sum of all living matter, made of a limited number of elements including oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus.  
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Atmosphere   The layer of gas surrounding planet Earth, held in place by gravity and composed of a limited number of elements, primarily nitrogen and oxygen.  
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Matter   Anything that has mass and takes up space.  
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Properties   Physical and chemical characteristics of matter used to describe or identify a substance.  
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Volume   A measure of the space that matter occupies.  
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Mass   A measure of how much matter is present in a substance.  
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Mixture   A combination of two or more substances which do not chemically combine.  
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Uniform Composition   Made of the same evenly distributed substance or combination of substances throughout.  
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Chemical Formula   A shorthand notation that uses chemical symbols and numbers as subscripts to represent the type and number of atoms that are present in the smallest unit of the substance  
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Oceans   The largest bodies of water on Earth, covering approximately 71% of Earth’s surface and made up of saltwater  
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Chemical Symbols   One or two letters that represent elements  
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