Psychology
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| Absolute Threshold | weakest amount of stimulus that the average person can see half the time
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| Ames Room | depth cues of the room are altered to distort our perceptions.
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| Amplitude | the height of the sound wave
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| Astigmatism | causes stimuli to look distorted as well as blurry.–It is based on the cornea, or protective covering of the eye.
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| Auditory Nerve | receives neuronal waves from the cilia
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| Balance | ability to remain upright and steady
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| Binocular fusion | our brain combines the pictures into one image even though we have two eyes
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| Change Blindness | when a change in a visual stimulus is introduced and the observer does not notice it
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| Cochlea | a bony tube that contains fluid and cilia.
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| Color Blindness | a color deficiency that involves a malfunction in one of the three cones
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| Conduction Deafness | involves damage to the outer and middle ear. Treatment is the typical hearing aid
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| Cones | are used for daytime and color vision.
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| Constancy | perceive objects to remain the same even if their appearance changes on our retina
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| Difference Threshold | smallest change that can be detected in a stimulus.
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| ESP | receiving information through channels other than the normal senses(ex. clairvoyance, telepathy, psychokinesis, and precognition)
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| Farsightedness | ability to see further away objects better. –It is caused when the eye is shorter than average and the image is cast behind the retina
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| Figure-ground perception | deals with separating an object from its background
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| Gate control theory | relieve pain by sending other competing signals to the brain
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| Gestalt | focus on organizing bits and pieces of information into meaningful wholes
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| Illusion | incorrect perceptions
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| Inattentional blindness | lack of attention that is not associated with vision defects or deficits, as an individual fails to perceive an unexpected stimulus in plain sight
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| Interposition | further away object is blocked by a closer object
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| Lens | receives light after pupil and focuses it on the retina
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| Linear perspective | parallel lines appear to converge when stretched into the distance
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| Loudness | determined by the height of the sound wave or its amplitude
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| Motion Parallax | speed in which objects move through our line of sight when we move gives our brain info about depth
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| Nearsightedness | ability to see closer objects better.–It is caused when the eye is longer than average and the image is cast in front of the retina
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| Olfactory nerve | relays smell-related information to the brain
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| Opponent process theory | eye compensates for large amounts of one color by producing its opposite, explains why we see afterimages.
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| Perception | how our brain processes this information cognitively
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| Pitch | refers to the frequency or length of the sound wave
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| Preattentive process | subconscious accumulation of information from the environment. Then, the brain filters and processes what is important
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| Psychophysics | study of sensation and perception
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| Pupil | light enters this part of the eye first
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| Relative height | further away objects are higher on our plane of view
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| Retina | the lens focuses light on this part of the eye
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| Retinal disparity | when the brain compares the difference between the images produced by each of the eyes
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| Rods | used for black and white and night vision
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| Sensation | biological process of receiving information from the environment
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| SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS | damage to the cochlea or auditory neurons, treated with cochlear implant
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| Signal detection theory | a means to measure the ability to differentiate between information-bearing patterns and random patterns that distract from the information
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| Sound wave | vibrations of air
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| Stroop effect | a demonstration of interference in the reaction time of a task. When the name of a color is printed in a color which is not denoted by the name, naming the color of the word takes longer
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| Subliminal message | presented at a rate below the absolute threshold so that they are perceived unconsciously
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| Taste bud | receptors on our tongues known as papillae that regulate taste
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| Timbre | richness or complexity of the sound wave
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