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Sense & Perception
Psychology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Absolute Threshold | weakest amount of stimulus that the average person can see half the time |
| Ames Room | depth cues of the room are altered to distort our perceptions. |
| Amplitude | the height of the sound wave |
| Astigmatism | causes stimuli to look distorted as well as blurry.–It is based on the cornea, or protective covering of the eye. |
| Auditory Nerve | receives neuronal waves from the cilia |
| Balance | ability to remain upright and steady |
| Binocular fusion | our brain combines the pictures into one image even though we have two eyes |
| Change Blindness | when a change in a visual stimulus is introduced and the observer does not notice it |
| Cochlea | a bony tube that contains fluid and cilia. |
| Color Blindness | a color deficiency that involves a malfunction in one of the three cones |
| Conduction Deafness | involves damage to the outer and middle ear. Treatment is the typical hearing aid |
| Cones | are used for daytime and color vision. |
| Constancy | perceive objects to remain the same even if their appearance changes on our retina |
| Difference Threshold | smallest change that can be detected in a stimulus. |
| ESP | receiving information through channels other than the normal senses(ex. clairvoyance, telepathy, psychokinesis, and precognition) |
| Farsightedness | ability to see further away objects better. –It is caused when the eye is shorter than average and the image is cast behind the retina |
| Figure-ground perception | deals with separating an object from its background |
| Gate control theory | relieve pain by sending other competing signals to the brain |
| Gestalt | focus on organizing bits and pieces of information into meaningful wholes |
| Illusion | incorrect perceptions |
| Inattentional blindness | lack of attention that is not associated with vision defects or deficits, as an individual fails to perceive an unexpected stimulus in plain sight |
| Interposition | further away object is blocked by a closer object |
| Lens | receives light after pupil and focuses it on the retina |
| Linear perspective | parallel lines appear to converge when stretched into the distance |
| Loudness | determined by the height of the sound wave or its amplitude |
| Motion Parallax | speed in which objects move through our line of sight when we move gives our brain info about depth |
| Nearsightedness | ability to see closer objects better.–It is caused when the eye is longer than average and the image is cast in front of the retina |
| Olfactory nerve | relays smell-related information to the brain |
| Opponent process theory | eye compensates for large amounts of one color by producing its opposite, explains why we see afterimages. |
| Perception | how our brain processes this information cognitively |
| Pitch | refers to the frequency or length of the sound wave |
| Preattentive process | subconscious accumulation of information from the environment. Then, the brain filters and processes what is important |
| Psychophysics | study of sensation and perception |
| Pupil | light enters this part of the eye first |
| Relative height | further away objects are higher on our plane of view |
| Retina | the lens focuses light on this part of the eye |
| Retinal disparity | when the brain compares the difference between the images produced by each of the eyes |
| Rods | used for black and white and night vision |
| Sensation | biological process of receiving information from the environment |
| SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS | damage to the cochlea or auditory neurons, treated with cochlear implant |
| Signal detection theory | a means to measure the ability to differentiate between information-bearing patterns and random patterns that distract from the information |
| Sound wave | vibrations of air |
| Stroop effect | a demonstration of interference in the reaction time of a task. When the name of a color is printed in a color which is not denoted by the name, naming the color of the word takes longer |
| Subliminal message | presented at a rate below the absolute threshold so that they are perceived unconsciously |
| Taste bud | receptors on our tongues known as papillae that regulate taste |
| Timbre | richness or complexity of the sound wave |
Created by:
nailea89326
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