Fundamentals of Nursing Chapter 26 Wound Care
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| A(n) __________ is a superficial open wound. | Abrasion
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| A(n) __________ is an open wound that results when a sharp item pierces the skin. | Puncture wound
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| A(n) __________ is similar to a puncture would except the object remains embedded in the skin. | Penetrating wound
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| A(n) _________ is an open wound made by accidental cutting or tearing of tissue. | Laceration
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| A(n) ________ is a wound resulting from pressure and friction. | Pressure ulcer
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| A pressure ulcer is also known as... | Decubitus ulcer or bedsore
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| How do pressure ulcers occur? | Occurs when external pressure is exerted on soft tissues, especially over bony prominences for a prolonged period of time.
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| What is ischemia? | Reduced blood flow to an area, usually due to the compression of tissues and capillaries.
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| What are the most common sites for pressure ulcers? | Sacrum, buttocks, greater trochanters, elbows, heels, ankles, occiput, and scapulae.
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| A(n) ________ is a closed discolored wound caused by blunt trauma. | Contusion
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| Another word for contusion: | Bruise
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| Relating to contamination, wounds fall into on of the following categories: | Clean, Clean-contaminated, Contaminated, Infected, or Colonized
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| Clean: | A wound that is not infected.
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| Clean-contaminated: | A wound that was surgically made, is not infected but has direct contact with the normal flora in the respiratory, urinary, or gastrointestinal tracts. Has potential to become infected.
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| Infected: | A wound in which the infectious process is already established as evidence by high numbers of microorganisms and either purulent or necrotic tissue.
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| Purulent: | Containing pus
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| Necrotic: | Dead
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| The classic signs of infection are: | Erythema, increased warmth, edema, pain, odor, and drainage.
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| Colonized: | Differs from an infected wound in that it has a high number of microorganisms present without signs of infection.
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| Shearing force | Occurs whenever the patient's skin and another item, such as bed linens or the surface of a chair, move in opposite directions while they are being pressed together by the weight of the body.
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| Risk factors for pressure ulcers | Elderly, emaciated or malnourished, incontinent, immobile, impaired circulation or chronic metabolic conditions.
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