Genetics
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Nucleotide | basic unit or building block of DNA & RNA; composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nucleic acid
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| Adenine | nucleic acid found in both DNA & RNA; pairs with Thymine in DNA; pairs with Uracil in RNA
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| Guanine | nucleic acid found in both DNA & RNA; pairs with Cytosine
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| Cytosine | nucleic acid found in both DNA & RNA; pairs with Guanine
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| Thymine | nucleic acid only found in DNA; pairs with Adenine
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| Uracil | nucleic acid only found in RNA; pairs with Adenine
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| DNA Backbone | form the sides of the DNA/RNA molecule; made of sugar and phosphate
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| Ribosome | found in the cytoplasm of living cells and serves as the site of protein synthesis
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| Codon | three consecutive nucleotides that specify a single amino acid
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| Translation | process that decodes mRNA to make proteins
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| Amino Acid | join together to make proteins
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| Anticodon | three adjacent nucleotides in transfer RNA that binds to a corresponding codon in messenger RNA and designates a specific amino acid during protein synthesis.
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| Transcription | process by which messenger RNA is synthesized from a DNA template
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| Gene | part of DNA sequence that codes for a specific trait
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| tRNA | type of nucleic acid that transports a specific amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis
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| Chromosome | single molecule of DNA bonded to various proteins and that carries the genes determining heredity
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| mRNA | type of nucleic acid that carries genetic information from the cell nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm; serves as a template for protein synthesis; synthesized from a DNA template during the process of transcription
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| rRNA | type of nucleic acid that is the permanent structure of a ribosome
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| Trait | characteristic defined by the expression of a protein
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