A&P Chemistry
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What are the subatomic particles? | Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
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| Proton: | Positively charged
Located in the nucleus
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| Neutron: | No charge
Located in the nucleus
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| Electron | Negative charge
Found orbiting around the nucleus
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| What defines an element or what makes an element different? | The number of protons.
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| What is Oxidation: | Is the loss of electrons during a reaction by a molecule, atom or ion.
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| (pH table)- How to tell which number is more acidic: | The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral. A pH less than 7 is acidic. A pH greater than 7 is basic.
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| each whole pH value below 7 is ten times more acidic than the next higher value. For example, pH 4 is ten times more acidic than pH 5 and 100 times (10 times 10) more acidic than pH 6.
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| The same holds true for pH values above 7, each of which is ten times more alkaline (another way to say basic) than the next lower whole value. For example, pH 10 is ten times more alkaline than pH 9 and 100 times (10 times 10) more alkaline than pH 8.
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| What causes matter to change from solid-> liquid->gas: | The speed that at which the particles are moving is the determining factor on whether or not the matter is solid-liquid-or gaseous.
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| What is a solution: | a liquid mixture in which the minor component (the solute) is uniformly distributed within the major component (the solvent).
The solute has to be separated- surrounded by the solvent.
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| what is equilibrium: | A reaction is in chemical equilibrium when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction.
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| What is a Steroid: | any of a large class of organic compounds with a characteristic molecular structure containing four rings of carbon atoms (three six-membered and one five). They include many hormones, alkaloids, and vitamins.
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| Steroids are lipids and will no mix with water.
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| 3 requirements for a protein to function: | It has to have the right amino acids, it has to have the correct order, and it has to be folded properly
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| Reaction Groups: | Noble gases have no reaction and they are happy just the way they are.
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| BONUS: What major contribution did Dmitri Mendeleev give to chemistry? | Dmitri Mendeleev's biggest contribute to chemistry was the development of the periodic table.
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| What is covalent bond: | a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. These electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs,
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| and the stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms, when they share electrons, is known as covalent bonding.
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| What is an ionic bond: | Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms. It is a type of chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions.
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| In ionic bonds, the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, whereas the nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anion.
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| Ionic bonds require an electron donor, often a metal, and an electron acceptor, a nonmetal.
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| What is an Anion: | An anion is an ion that carries a negative charge, causing it to migrate to the anode (positive electrode) in electrolysis. It has more electrons than protons, resulting in the negative charge. Anions are nonmetals.
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| what is a Cation: | A Cation is an ion that carries a positive charge, causing it to migrate to the cathode (negative electrode) in a electrolysis. It has more protons than electrons, resulting in the positive charge. Cations are metals.
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| Molecules that we must recognize: | Alcohols, Acids, Aldehydes, Ketone, Amine
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| Alcohols: | Have an -OH attached - Alcohol, any of a class of organic compounds characterized by one or more hydroxyl (−OH) groups attached to a carbon atom of an alkyl group (hydrocarbon chain).
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| Acids: | Lose hydrogen Ions (H+)
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