Exam Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
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1/12 | one month
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1/52 | one week
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ac, a.c. | before meals
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ASAP | as soon as possible
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bid, b.i.d. | twice daily
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cap | capsule
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CPS | compendium of pharmaceuticals and specialties
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gtt, gtts | drop(s)
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i, ii | one, two
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mg | milligram
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mL | milliliter
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npo, n.p.o. | nothing by mouth
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ODB | Ontario Drug Benefit
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OTC | over the counter
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ou | both eyes
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p.c. | after meals
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p.o. | by mouth
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prn | as needed
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q.a.m. | every morning
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Q.D., qd | everyday
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q.o.d. | every other day
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q.p.m. | every night
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q_h | every ___ hours
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qh | every hour
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q.i.d. | four times daily
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Rx | prescription
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sc | subcutaneous
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sl, SL | sublingual
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ss | one half
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stat, STAT | immediately
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t.i.d. | three times daily
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tab | tablet
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Tx | treatment
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ung | ointmet
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x 3 days | times three days
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Drug | chemical substance
illegal substance
medication
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Prescription Repeats vs Prescription Renewal | repeats = continuous long term meds.
renewals = extensions of prescriptions that have run out
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Sustained Release | substance that cause a delay in the active absorption
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What can drugs be classified by? | function
effect
body system
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Classification of drugs by scope of action | local = drug effects the site
systemic = circulate blood system
cumulative = accumulates faster than can be metabolized
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Classification of drug use: Therapeutic | to relieve symptoms
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Classification of drug use:: Diagostic | to perform diagnostic tests
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Classification of drug use: Curative | to overcome diasease
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Classification of drug use: Replacemet | to "replace" a hormone
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Classification of drug use: Prophylactic | to prevent or decrease severity
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Four names that can be given to single drug? | chemical
generic
trade
botanical
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Two methods of dispensing drugs | OTC and prescription
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Enteric-coated | allows pills to by-pass stomach
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What is a pharmacist | the experts in drug information
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Pharmacology | the study and description of drugs, their composition, actions and effects
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What is a pharmacy | licensed business involved in dispensing drugs
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When are drug errors more likely made? | Poor handwriting and over the phone
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synergism | combination of two drugs that cause an effect that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug
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inhalation | drugs in gaseous or vapour form through the nose or mouth
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antidote | agent given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug
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stimulant | agent that excites and promotes activity
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antihypertensive | agent that lowers blood pressure
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hypnotic | agent that produces sleep
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iatrogenic | effect that is produced as an individual sensitivy to a drug
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side effect | effect that routinely results from the use of a drug
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parenteral | by injection or intravenouos
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antibiotic | chemical substance that inhibits or kills foreign organisms
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systemic | circulation through the bloodstream
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brand name | commercial name for a drug
trade name
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tolerance | drug action in which larger and larger doses must be given
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emetic | promotes vomiting
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antiarrhythmic | helps restore heart rhythm to regular cycle
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anesthetic | reduces or eliminates sensation
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analgesic | relieves pain
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controlled drugs | defined by federal law
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sublingual | given under the tongue
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suppository | inserted via. anus
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contradictions | factors in a patients condition that prevents the use of a drug
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narcotic | habit-forming drug that relieves pain
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anaphylaxis | hypersensitive reaction of the body to a foreign organism
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fixed oils | oils, extracted primarily from plants that do not evaporte
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volatile oils | oils extracted from plants that do evaporate
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aerosols | particles of medication suspended in air
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ophthalmic | relating to the eye
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receptor | target substance with which a drug interacts in the body
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cumulative action | concentration of a drug may increase with each dose, due to the half life of previous doses
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half life | time required to metabolize half the amount of the drug ingested
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additive action | total effect that two drugs gave in combination is equal to the sum of the effects of each
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otic | via the ear
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