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| mitosis | a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
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| diploid (numbers) | the number of chromosomes present in the body cells of a diploid organism.
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| chromosomes | a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
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| interphase | the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis.
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| crossing over | the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring.
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| anaphase | the stage of meiotic or mitotic cell division in which the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle.
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| haploid/monoploid |
(of a cell or nucleus) having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
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| daughter nuclei | daughter nuclei The nuclei that result from the division of a single nucleus.
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| tetrad | A group or set of four chromosome
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| gametogenesis | the process in which cells undergo meiosis to form gametes.
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| meiosis | a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
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| metaphase | the second stage of cell division, between prophase and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers.
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| cytokinesis | the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.
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| Disjunction | disjunction happens when homologous chromosomes move apart toward the opposite poles of the cell in anaphase I
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| variation | any difference between cells, individual organisms, or groups of organisms of any species caused either by genetic differences
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| telophase | the final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed.
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| replication | he process of duplicating or producing an exact copy of a polynucleotide strand such as DNA.
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| synapsis | the fusion of chromosome pairs at the start of meiosis.
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| prophase | the first stage of cell division, before metaphase, during which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears. The first prophase of meiosis includes the reduction division.
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| centrioles | a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.
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