Pre-/Anesthetics
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| Diazepam | Benzodiazepine | - GABA(A) Rc facilitation - | - sedative - pre-anesthetic | - safer because don't activate without GABA
- reverse with flumazenil
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| Opioids | - stimulate pre and post ORc | - analgesia (4-6 hrs) - sedation - antidiarrheal |
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| Fentanyl | Opioid | - Full MOR agonist | - profound pain relief - | - overdose causes seizures
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| Pentazocine | Opioid | - Full KOR agonist, partial MOR agonist | - with fentanyl full analgesia but less overdose risk |
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| Codeine | Local anesthetic Cocaine derivative | - Metabolized to morphine | - analgesic |
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| Carfentanyl | Opioid | - chemical immomibilzation | - 10000x analgesic potency of morphine
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| Etorphine (M99) | Opioid | - 3000x morphine
- wildlife tranquilizer
- reversal agent naloxone (human), diprenorphine (animal)
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| Sodium Thiopental | Barbiturate | - Inhibit BABA dissociation - increase open channel time | - Induction Agent | - low TI
- intense CNS depression
- can induce GABA(A)R on its own
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| Propofol | Sedative/anesthetic | - binds GABA(A)R at same site as ethanol | - sedative and anesthetic - induction - short surgical prodecures | - still low TI but better than barbiturates
- fast, smooth, complete recovery
- most hypotensive
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| Ketamine | Phencyclidine (dissociative anesthetic) | - NMDA Rc block - GABAR inhibitor | - | - Inhibits senses without unconsciousness
- Mod-profound anesthesia
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| Nitrous oxide (N2O) | Inhalant Anesthetic | Lowers amount of other inhalants needed Analgesic |
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| Cocaine | Local anesthetic | Sympathomimetic (lowers NE release | Topical rhinolaryngologic |
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| Procaine | Local anesthetic | Ester - short duration |
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| Bupivacaine | Local anesthetic | slower onset (15 min), longer duration (2-4hr) | Ventricular arrhythmias from IV bolus
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| Levobupivicaine | Local anesthetic | Bupivacaine s-enantiomer
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| Proparacaine | Local anesthetic | Eye anesthetic |
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| Lidocaine | Local anesthetic |
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| Halothane | Cyclopropane Inhalant Anesthetic | Anesthetic | - sensitizes myocardium to epi (arrhythmias)
Hepatotoxic metabolites
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| Isofluorane | Inhalant Anesthetic | Anesthetic | Poor tissue solubility
No hepatic/renal toxicity
Pungent odor
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| Sevofluorane | Inhalant Anesthetic | Anesthetic |
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Created by:
Annya8
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