Goodcare LPN Chapt 11 Endocrine 2018
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| A group of glands that produce regulatory chemicals | endocrine system
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| Regulatory chemicals in the endocrine system | Hormones
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| The endocrine system and the ___________system work together to control and coordinate all other body systems. | Nervous system
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| The specific tissue acted on by each hormone | Target tissue
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| The cells that make up the target tissue have __________ in the plasma membrane and cytoplasm to which the hormone attaches. | Receptors
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| All hormones except those in the adrenal cortex and the sex glands fall into this category. | Amino acid compounds
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| Hormones that are produced by the adrenal cortex and the sex glands that are derived from cholesterol. "sterone" | Steroids
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| Hormone release follows this rhythmic cycle related to to a person's sleep patterns, highest before awakening. | 24 hour cycle
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| This gland is surrounded by bone except where it is connected with the brain's hypothalamus by a stalk called the infundibulum. | Pituitary gland
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| Two parts of this gland are the Anterior and posterior lobes. | Pituitary gland
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| The anterior globe is a true endocrine gland and consists of this type of tissue. | Epithelial tissue
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| Consists of axon and axon terminals of the neurons that originate in the hypothalamus. | Posterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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| These two hormones are produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary. | Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and Oxytocin
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| Promotes the reabsorption of water from the kidney tubules and decreases water excretion. | Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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| This hormone causes uterine contraction and trigger milk ejection from the breast. | Oxytocin
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| These secretions control the cells of the anterior lobe. | Releasing hormones
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| Releasing hormones travel to the anterior pituitary by way of this circulatory pathway. | Portal System
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| Called the master gland | Anterior Pituitary
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| Acts directly on most body tissues promoting protein manufacture that is essential for growth | Growth Hormone
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| Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones. | Thyrotropin or
Thyroid stimulating hormone
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| Stimulates hormone production in the cortex of the adrenal gland | Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTh)
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| Stimulates milk production | Prolactin
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| Stimulates the development of ovarian follicles in which egg cells mature and the development of sperm cells in the testes. | Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
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| Causes ovulation in females and promotes progesterone secretion in females and testosterone secretion in males. | Luteinizing hormone (LH)
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| Classification of hormones (FSH and LH) which act on the gonads to regulate growth, development and reproductive function in both males and females. | Gonadotropins
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| Thyroid hormone levels are kept constant by negative or positive feedback? | Negative
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| Two hormones that regulate metabolism. | Thyroxine T4 and Triiodothyronine (T3).
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| Two types of hormones needed for normal growth. | Thyroid hormones and growth hormones.
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| Thyroid hormone production is under the control of ________ from the anterior pituitary. | TSH
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| Promote calcium release from bone tissue and increase the amount of calcium circulating in the bloodstream. | Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
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| In addition to PTH, this hormone is needed for calcium balance. | Calcitriol
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| This hormone is the active form of Vitamin D | Dihydroxycholecalciferol or calcitriol
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| Produced by modification of Vit D in the liver and then the kidney when stimulated by PTH. | Calcitriol
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| Two small glands located on top of the kidneys | Adrenals
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| The inner are of the adrenal gland | Medulla
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| The outer portion of the adrenal gland | Cortex
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| Primary hormone produced by the medulla | Epinephrine
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| Responsible for fight or flight responses | Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
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| Three groups of hormones produced by the Adrenal Cortex | Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids, Androgens
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| Male sex hormones | Androgens
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| Hormones important in the regulation of electrolyte balance | Mineralocorticoids
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| This group of hormones suppress inflammatory response | Glucocorticoids
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| The pancreas has two types of cells that perform different functions. | Acini and Islets ofLangerhans
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| Secrete digestive hormones | Acini
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| Specialized cells in the pancreas that diffuse in the bloodstream | Islets of Langerhans
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| The most important hormone produced by the islets | Insulin
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| Second islet hormone produced by alpha cells in the pancreas | Glucagon
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| The main androgen produced by the testes | Testosterone
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| Hormone produced by the ovaries that help to develop the female secondary sex characteristics and stimulate mammary gland production | Estrogen
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| Hormone produced by the ovaries that assist in the normal development of pregnancy. | Progesterone
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| Small flattened cone-shaped structure located posterior to the midbrain and connected to the roof of the third ventricle | Pineal gland
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| Hormone produced by the pineal gland during dark periods | Melatonin
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| Hormone that controls appetite. | Leptin
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| Hormone which stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow | Erythropoietin
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| Hormone produced in bone that stimulates diverse processes as bone formation in insulin secretion | Osteocalcin
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| Substance produced in the atria in response to increased filling with blood | Atrial natriuretic peptide
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| Increases sodium excretion by the kidneys and lowers blood pressure | Atrial natriuretic peptide
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| Hormone important in the maturation of white blood cells called T cells | Thyrosin
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| Produces several hormones during pregnancy, which causes changes in the uterine lining and in pregnancy. | Placenta
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| Hormone like substances derived from fatty acids. | Prostaglandins
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| Insulin and glucagon mainly influence the liver and skeletal muscles. true for false | True
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