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All practice intro psych tests

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
show comparative psychologists  
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show industrial and organizational psychologist.  
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show naturalistic observation.  
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If a researcher wished to determine whether heat causes an increase in aggression, the best approach would be to   show
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show various amounts of alcohol.  
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Scientists use replication in order to   show
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The psychological perspective which includes the assumption that people are often unaware of the real motives behind their behavior is   show
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show John Watson.  
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The primary job of most brain cells is   show
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The neuron's "senders" are the   show
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Activity within a nerve cell is _____; activity between nerve cells is _______.   show
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show central nervous system.  
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show thalamus.  
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show limbic system.  
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show frightened.  
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show frontal lobes.  
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Sarah and James both have brown eyes, but their daughter has blue eyes. What is the MOST likely explanation for this?   show
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show absolute threshold.  
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Which of the following is TRUE about perceiving objects?   show
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Cones, unlike rods, will respond to   show
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show taste.  
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show the semicircular canals.  
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Todd is shown a card with the stimuli AAABBBCCC and is asked to report what he sees. Todd states that there are three groups of different letters. This illustrates the rule of perceptual organization known as   show
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show depth and distance.  
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show studying in the library.  
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show EEG recordings.  
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show Our most vivid, narrative-like dreams occur during REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movement and "awake-like" brainwave patterns that will appear on an EEG.  
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show Sleepwalking  
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show withdrawal from alcohol.  
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show Cocaine  
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show Hypnosis has enabled some people to go through surgical procedures without anesthetic.  
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show experience.  
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Pavlov caused dogs to salivate to a neutral stimulus through a process known as   show
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show unconditioned stimulus is presented.  
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When a child learns not to use swear words in front of his parents, but does so in front of friends, the child is exhibiting the principle of   show
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It is often suggested that classically conditioned responses are _____, whereas operantly conditioned responses are _____.   show
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A psych student is training a rat to climb a ladder. She rewards the rat for movements toward the ladder, then for contact with the ladder. Then only when the rat climbs the ladder. This student has used the behavioral technique of   show
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In general, learning takes place more rapidly with   show
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Systematically applying principles of operant conditioning to influence and change behavior is referred to as   show
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show Instinctual drift  
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show extinction.  
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show sensory memory.  
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Ishmael wishes to remember the phone number of an attractive woman he just met. The MOST likely strategy he will use is   show
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A "fill in the blank" type of examination would usually measure   show
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If you memorize the letters FBIKEGUCLA as FBI-KEG-UCLA, you have used a technique known as   show
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The basic sounds of a language are called   show
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The speech sounds made by infants   show
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In the Stanford-Binet test, IQ is defined as   show
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show identical twins reared apart are usually selectively placed in environments that are as similar as possible.  
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show validity.  
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An emotion is comprised of all of the following EXCEPT   show
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show there was remarkable agreement among members of all cultures.  
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The regulation of temperature in humans and other mammals provides a good example of the general physiological process of   show
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show estrogen; androgen  
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show excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution.  
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Good advice to parents who want to encourage high achievement motivation in their children is to   show
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show physiological needs, safety, love and belonging, esteem, self-actualization.  
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show chromosomes.  
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A harmful substance that can cross the placenta and harm the fetus is called a(an)   show
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show cognitive development.  
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Joe watches you pour the same amount of juice into identical glasses. He knows there's the same amount in each glass. You pour the contents of one of the glasses into a thinner glass, he wants that one "because there's more in it." Joe has not mastered   show
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show are not directly related to reproductive organs.  
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show social messages toward thinness, hormone and other biological imbalances, a desire to control one's body, and low self-esteem.  
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According to Erik Erikson, adolescents are primarily dealing with concerns related to   show
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Severe intellectual and emotional impairment in older people is MOST likely to be caused by   show
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Psychodynamic theory was originally developed by   show
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show The ego mediates between the id and the superego.  
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show identification.  
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In breaking away from Freud, Alfred Adler proposed that people   show
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show unconditional positive regard.  
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show observational learning.  
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show approach-approach conflict.  
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show sense of personal control.  
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show Genetic factors can predispose us to develop mental disorders.  
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Schizophrenics have been found to have an excess of the neurotransmitter   show
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show manic.  
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People diagnosed as having a(n) _______ disorder outnumber all other groups of mentally ill individuals.   show
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A seemingly charming, candid, generous person who lies freely, forms no close ties, and is selfish and remorseless, is probably a(n)   show
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show multiple personality disorder.  
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show is related to unresolved childhood conflicts.  
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Compared with traditional Freudians, modern psychodynamic therapists tend to give greater emphasis to the   show
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The ability to understand accurately the feelings of a client is called   show
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Aversive conditioning is a form of   show
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show the insight offered by a trained therapist.  
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show decreased.  
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show feelings of discomfort generated by inconsistency between a person's beliefs and actions.  
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If the source of information is judged to be of low credibility, most people will   show
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show situational; dispositional  
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A mother who is certain her children cannot make decisions encourages dependent behavior that confirms her opinion of them, exemplifying   show
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show Japanese  
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Among Stanley Milgram's subjects who were pressured to give "electrical shocks" to a "learner" (actually an actor)   show
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show Whether or not frustration will result in aggression depends on cognitive appraisal.  
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show IQ scores approximate a normal distribution.  
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show most scores in the middle of the range.  
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show IQ and inherited genes are strongly related.  
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A cognitive psychologist is most likely to investigate   show
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A manufacturing firm in your state has been cited for environmental pollution violations and you have been hired to help this company in its efforts to stop pollution and preserve the environment. You are probably a(n)   show
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A major difference between an experiment and naturalistic observation is that one   show
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In a psychological experiment, the control group's performance is   show
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Testers admitted 300 students from the lowest of a class & divided into three groups. A received training in study habits, B received motivational lectures, and group C received nothing. At year end, grades were compared. The dependent variable was   show
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show William James.  
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show behaviorist.  
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Heredity is to _____ as environment is to ______.   show
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Which historical figure would have been MORE sympathetic with the nurture rather than the nature position?   show
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show increasing the speed at which nerve impulses travel.  
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At the synapse   show
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show afferent neurons.  
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Renee has been in an automobile accident which caused severe brain damage. Her doctors may tell her family all of the following EXCEPT   show
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James is sound asleep when the sound of a creaky floorboard startles him awake to find a burglar in his home. Which part of the brain was responsible for waking him up?   show
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The actions that organisms take in response to anger or fear are strongly influenced by the brain structure called the   show
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Stimulation of salivary glands and digestion are functions of the   show
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If you are like most people, the   show
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show According to evolutionary theory, individuals who are more successful at surviving are more likely to pass on their genes.  
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show Weber's law.  
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show changing shape.  
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Sound waves entering the ear cause vibrations of the   show
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show spicy.  
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show selection.  
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Typically, we do not believe that airplanes shrink as they take off and soar away into the sky or that they become larger as they land and taxi up to the terminal. Our rejection of this belief is based on the phenomenon known as   show
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show generalized mental model of a giraffe.  
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show delta sleep.  
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show paradoxical sleep.  
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show REM periods are longer.  
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show tolerance.  
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Narcotics are also known as   show
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Barbiturates are to _______ as tranquillizers are to ________.   show
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Irrational fears in humans, such as claustrophobia, MOST often result from   show
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show food.  
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If a previously extinguished response reappears, the phenomenon is referred to as   show
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show a loud noise.  
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Operant conditioning requires   show
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Mrs. Sanchez repeatedly tells her teenage son to hang up his clothes instead of leaving them on the floor. Her son complains that she is nagging. Mrs. Sanchez says, "Hang up your clothes and I won't nag." Mrs. Sanchez is using   show
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Behavior will be MOST resistant to extinction when _____ reinforcement has been used.   show
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What schedule of reinforcement would be in effect when a salesman is paid $500.00 for every three new accounts he sells?   show
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Of the following, the most common cause of learned helplessness is   show
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show imitate the aggressive acts.  
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Fido hears the can opener and runs toward the kitchen. When he gets there, he finds that the interior kitchen door is closed, so he runs out his dog door and goes to the back door, off the kitchen. Fido's behavior is most closely related to   show
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Most people can retain about how many items in short-term memory?   show
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It has been estimated that the number of individual items stored in adult long-term memory is probably   show
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The individual who used nonsense syllables in early experimental studies of forgetting is   show
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show How tall was the robber? Never 'was the robber...?' (Questions should not "lead" a witness. People can easily incorporate after-the-fact information into existing memories without even being aware that they are doing so.)  
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The ability to deal with new problems that require specialized skills such as perception and memory span is called   show
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show language shapes our view of the world.  
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show a faulty premise.  
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It has been found that "overlearning" material usually results in   show
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Most of the changes in the body that take place during times of high emotion are controlled by the   show
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The James-Lange theory of emotion says that emotions   show
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The innate physiological mechanism that keeps an individual's body weight at a genetically pre-programmed level is known as the   show
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Naturally produced pain-killers that are produced by the brain and that shield the body from pain and elevate feelings of pleasure are called   show
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show learning.  
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The refractory period of the human sexual response cycle refers to   show
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show homosexual feelings prior to any sexual activities.  
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Paired chromosomes are always similar in structure EXCEPT for the pair that determines a child's   show
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The rooting response is related to an infant's need for   show
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show accommodation. (changing or adjusting an existing schema in the face of contradictory observations.)  
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Harry Harlow's experiments with surrogate mothers showed that   show
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Harry Harlow's experiments with surrogate mothers showed that   show
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show menarche.  
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show preconventional level.  
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Which type of parents are the MOST likely to have children who do better in high school?   show
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A Freudian defense mechanism is BEST described as an attempt by the   show
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show pleasure; reality  
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The correct order of Sigmund Freud's stages of psychosexual development is   show
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show collective unconsciousness.  
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show Karen Horney.  
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show B. F. Skinner.  
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The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is an example of which of the following types of personality tests?   show
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show What one person perceives to be stressful may not be to another.  
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The order in which the three stages of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) occur is   show
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Which of the following is MOST likely to have a positive influence on an individual's ability to cope with a stressful event?   show
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The chance that a person will develop schizophrenia is about _____ out of 100.   show
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show hyperactivity.  
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Depression occurs much MORE frequently among   show
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Individuals who are so anxious about being in a public place that they never leave home are suffering from   show
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show anxiety disorders.  
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Obsessions refer to _____, whereas compulsions refer to _____.   show
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The major purpose of free association in psychoanalysis is to   show
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The therapeutic approach that gives emphasis to self-acceptance, personal responsibility, and the client's perspective is   show
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show Carl Rogers.  
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The various behavior therapies are based on   show
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show Use a token economy to reward small steps.  
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Family therapy is based on the belief that   show
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show major tranquilizers.  
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show provide outpatient therapy for those who need some supervision but can live at home.  
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show a stereotype.  
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John is trying to persuade his listener that the schools in his state need an influx of new money. He will be better able to convince his listener if he   show
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When people engage in a particular behavior because an authority figure has commanded them to do it, they are displaying what is MOST accurately termed   show
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Research on the bystander effect has shown that   show
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show normal distribution.  
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show The further from zero in either direction (positive or negative), the stronger the correlation.  
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A correlation coefficient is a measure of   show
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show physiological psychologists.  
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show social psychology.  
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In order to gather data quickly from a large number of people, a researcher would use the   show
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show minimize pre-existing differences between the groups.  
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show control group.  
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Sigmund Freud turned his interests from medical to psychological processes after encountering patients suffering from   show
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The idea that human behavior is directed toward growth, self-expression, and fulfillment BEST characterizes   show
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show cognitive psychology.  
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show avoid experiments that bring discomfort or embarrassment to test subjects.  
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The neuron receives messages from other neurons through its   show
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show The message is received by the cell body, passed down the axon, where it jumps across the synaptic gap and activates the dendrite.  
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A neuron usually fires when   show
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Folds and creases within the brain are most evident in the   show
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show EEG.  
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The cerebellum is   show
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Coordination of breathing and heart rate is controlled primarily in a part of the brain stem called the   show
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The association cortex   show
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Getting used to an obnoxious odor in a closed room is an example of   show
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The optic nerve leaves the retina at the   show
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show cells for blue-yellow, red-green, and white-black in the thalamus.  
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show equilibrium.  
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show closure.  
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Visual cliff experiments on children suggest that depth perception is   show
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A prototype (or schema) of a giraffe would be a(n)   show
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show odor chemicals produced by animals.  
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show 70-90 minutes  
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show four or five  
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show 18  
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Research into the causes of alcoholism has shown all of the following EXCEPT   show
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Drugs that are used to boost energy, stay awake, or lose weight are called   show
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show unconditioned response.  
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In classical conditioning, the stimulus that does NOT initially produce a conditioned response is the   show
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If you salivate at the sight of McDonald's "Golden Arches," you are showing   show
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show stimulus generalization.  
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show fear of the loud noise.  
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A concept primarily related to operant but not to classical conditioning is   show
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If, three hours after the event, a two-year-old child is rewarded for "going potty," this delayed reward will probably   show
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A child is rewarded with candy after every 30 minutes that she behaves appropriately. This procedure is called   show
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Token economy programs involve principles of   show
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show used with rewards  
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Observational learning is often referred to as   show
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Sarah remembers things better when she hears them than when she reads them. Sarah's learning style favors _____ encoding.   show
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show episodic memory.  
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show learning material similar to earlier learning.  
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show a mnemonic device.  
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"Mary yelled at John" is different from "John yelled at Mary" because of   show
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show "rules of thumb" that are likely to be successful in problem solving.  
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show achievement test.  
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show heredity and biologically-based differences.  
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A standardized test is one that   show
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show substantially different from one culture to another.  
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According to the cognitive theory of emotion, the experience of an emotion depends on   show
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show hypothalamus.  
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show may be deficient in endorphin production.  
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The direction taken by the motive for sex defines our   show
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The correct term for people who feel that their physical bodies are at odds with their psychological identity are called   show
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show intrinsic motivation  
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show the father.  
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Which is NOT true of early physical growth?   show
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In Jean Piaget's theory, the order in which developmental stages occur is   show
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Infants who are securely attached   show
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show are often normal weight.  
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Of the following, the person who is MOST LIKELY to be at the conventional level of moral reasoning is   show
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show cease menstruating, may have hot flashes, may experience mood swings, and are (on average) in their early 50s  
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show denial - anger - bargaining - depression - acceptance.  
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According to Freud, libido is   show
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Retreating toward behavior that usually characterizes a lower level of maturity is called   show
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show social cognitive theory.  
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show trait  
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The Rorschach Test consists of a series of   show
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show a similar, physiological reaction to stress regardless of source.  
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show They are physical disorders in which emotions are believed to play a central role.  
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Which of the following combinations is related to optimism and happiness?   show
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show manic-depressive illness.  
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show anorexia nervosa.  
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Alice feels vaguely uneasy and tense much of the time, but she is unable to pinpoint the cause of her feelings of apprehension. Alice is suffering from   show
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show phobic disorder.  
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show resistance.  
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Person-centered therapy most emphasizes   show
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Behavior therapists generally give strong emphasis to   show
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Tom tells his therapist he believes his compulsive gambling is a symptom of his unconscious hostility toward his family. His therapist says "No, Tom, your problem isn't unconscious hostility; your problem is gambling." Tom's therapist is probably a   show
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A basic assumption underlying cognitive approaches to therapy is that   show
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show placebo.  
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Antidepressant drugs are thought to work by   show
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show much greater.  
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In Festinger and Carlsmith's experiment on cognitive dissonance, the subjects who reported the greatest enjoyment of the boring task were the ones who   show
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In psychological terms, attribution is the   show
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If you fail an exam, a dispositional attribution of your failure would be   show
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show conformity.  
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Which of the following compliance techniques starts with a large request followed by a small request?   show
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show in agreement.  
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Who conducted the mock prison experiment?   show
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show proximity.  
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Correlation is a technique that   show
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Cause and effect can BEST be determined through the   show
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