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Parts of the cell

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1. Cell membrane   acts as a barrier between the cell and its environment; is on the outside of animal cells and just inside the cell wall on plant and prokaryotic cells  
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2. Cell wall   provides strength and support to the cell membrane and is found on the outside of plant cells and prokaryotic cells  
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3. Centriole   part of the cell’s cytoskeleton in animal cells  
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4. Chloroplasts   make food using the energy of sunlight and contain chlorophyll; where photosynthesis occurs  
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5. Cytoplasm   cellular fluid surrounding a cell’s organelles  
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6. Cytoskeleton   maintains the cell’s shape  
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7. DNA   the hereditary material that controls all the activities in the cell; contains the information to make new cells; and provides the instructions for making proteins  
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8. Endoplasmic reticulum or ER   cell’s delivery system; the ER packages up proteins for release from the cell; rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes on it, while smooth does not  
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9. Golgi complex   cell’s packaging center; modifies and/or packages materials and transports them out of the cell  
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10. Lysosomes   packages of destruction; digest food particles, wastes, and foreign invaders  
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11. Mitochondria   cell’s power plant; make ATP; where cellular respiration occurs  
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12. Nuclear membrane   surrounds the nucleus  
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13. Nucleolus   dark spot inside the nucleus; where ribosomes are made  
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14. Nucleus   control center of the cell; DNA is found in the nucleus; the nucleolus is inside the nucleus  
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15. Ribosomes   cell’s protein factories; amino acids are hooked together to make proteins  
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16. Vacuoles   stores water and other materials; they are large in plant cells and smaller in animal cells  
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17. Vesicles   membrane-covered compartments that pinch off from the ER, Golgi complex, or cell membrane  
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