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Biochemistry

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Term
Definition
Carbohydrates   Large Organic molecule (ex starch) made up of small monosaccharides (simple sugars). Used for energy  
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Lipids   Large Organic molecule made up of smaller fatty acids and glycerol. Used for stored energy, and cell membrane  
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Proteins   Large Organic molecules made up of amino acids. Examples are enxymes, hormones, antibodies.  
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Nucleic Acids   Large Organic molecules made up of nucleotides. Ex. DNA, RNA  
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Organic Molecules   Contain Carbon, and Hydrogen  
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Inorganic Molecules   DO NOT have both carbon and hydrogen  
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Enzymes   Proteins that are catalysts: they speed up reactions. They split molecules apart or put them together  
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Denature   When enzymes change shape due to different temperatures or pH  
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Substrate   The molecule being put together or broken apart by the enzyme  
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Diffusion   Movement of molecules from High to Low concentration. NO Energy needed.  
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Active Transport   Movement of molecules from Low to High Concentration- requires ENERGY  
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Osmosis   Movement of water across a membrane from High to Low Concentration  
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Starch   Large carbohydrate- cant fit through cell membrane. Gets broken down into glucose  
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Glucose   can fit through the membrane.  
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Starch Indicator   Turns purple black when it comes into contact with starch  
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Glucose Indicator   Turns orange when it comes into contact with glucose and heated  
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