nutrition vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Autotrophs | is an organism that produces complex organic compounds from simple substances present in its surroundings, generally using energy from light or inorganic chemical reactions.
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| Heterotrophs | an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.
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| Chemoautotrophs | organisms that obtain energy by the oxidation of electron donors in their environments.
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| Photoautotrophs | any organism that derives its energy for food synthesis from light and is capable of using carbon dioxide as its principal source of carbon.
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| calories | either of two units of heat energy.
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| energy | he property that must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat, the object.
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| ingestion | the process of taking food, drink, or another substance into the body by swallowing or absorbing it.
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| digestion | the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma.
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| egestion | the discharge of undigested food in the Digestive tract for multicellular organisms and is done on the surface of the cell in unicellular organisms.
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| Roughage | fibrous indigestible material in vegetable foodstuffs that aids the passage of food and waste products through the gut.
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| Cellulose | an insoluble substance that is the main constituent of plant cell walls and of vegetable fibers such as cotton. It is a polysaccharide consisting of chains of glucose monomers.
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| body mass index | a weight-to-height ratio, calculated by dividing one's weight in kilograms by the square of one's height in meters and used as an indicator of obesity and underweight.
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| Absorption | the process or action by which one thing absorbs or is absorbed by another.
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| Diffusion | the intermingling of substances by the natural movement of their particles.
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| villi | any of numerous minute elongated projections set closely together on a surface, typically increasing its surface area for the absorption of substances, in particular.
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| constipation | bowel movements that are infrequent or hard to pass
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| enzyme | macromolecular biological catalysts.
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| marcomolecules | a molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer.
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| Bulimia | A serious eating disorder marked by binging, followed by methods to avoid weight gain.
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| Anorexia | An eating disorder causing people to obsess about weight and what they eat.
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