Stack #2672029
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| The purpose of the barcode label is to match the image information with the: | Imaging plate
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| Computers operate using a ______ language | Binary
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| PSP Imaging plates are erased by flooding the plate with: | Light
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| Iâm the technology of CR, the latent image is actually | The light from the phosphor following laser excitation of the reader assembly
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| A histogram displays the useful signal by locating | All pixel values
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| The digital detector used in CR Imaging is the | Imaging plate
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| Grossly overexposed digital images will demonstrate | Low contrast
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| The phosphor layer is made of the phosphors from the _____ family | Barium fluorohalide
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| The layer of the imaging plate that traps electrons during exposure is the _____ layer | Active
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| The active element in a storage phosphor is | Barium fluorohalide
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| CR acquires an image through: | The use of a storage phosphor plate
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| In the past, gas lasers such as a helium-neon laser were used, however, current CR readers use solid state laser diodes that emit a red laser beam having wavelengths of about 670-690nm | True
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| The number of trapped electrons is proportional to the | Absorbed radiation
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| Quantum mottle is caused by | Insufficient light
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| Exposure latitude is to conventional radiography as ____ is to DR | Dynamic range
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| An S value of 200 represents an | Exposure to the IP of 1mR
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| Resolution is controlled by ____ size | Pixel
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| When changing exposure technique from 9 mAs to 18mAs using CR, the radiographer should expect | No change
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| âFadingâ occurred after | 8hours with 25% of image lost
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| CR AND DR have a broader range for exposure and wonât affect the image | True
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| Histograms are graphs of the number of pixels in the entire image or part of the image having the same gray levels | True
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| The LUT is used to distinguish all the different contrasts of an image | True
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| 1MR=2000 Ideal EI # is 1700-2300 Increase by 300, double exposure | Exposure index
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| 1MR= 200 Ideal is100-400 Double #, double exposure | S value
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| The emission of a bluish purple light is when | The transition of the electron from a higher energy state goes to a lower energy state (ground state)
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| When the electron is in the F Center it is at this point when the electrons are spatially distributed and create a _____ image | Latent
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| Have thinner layers of phosphor, provide sharper images, used when small detail is critical Slower speed= high resolution | High resolution IPS
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| Have a thick phosphor layer, absorbs more radiation, have faster speeds High speeds= low resolution | Standards resolution IPS
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| Most important layer within the imaging plate | Phosphor layer
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| Halide can be | Chlorine bromine or iodine
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| Image plate phosphor layer contains Europium within matrix but is not active | True
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| Luminescence | Emission of light by a substance not resulting from heat
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| Fluorescence | Immediate emission of light
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| Phosphorescence | Delayed emission of light
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| PSL | Photostimulated luminescence
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| Four primary steps in CR | Image acquisition
Image plate scanning and then erasure
Image processing
Image display
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| A(n) ____ indicator is a numerical parameter used to monitor the radiation exposure to the IP in CR Imaging | Exposure
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| Kilovoltage peak should be chosen: | Penetration
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| CR systems acquire clinical info by | Laser scanning a PSP plate
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| Photostimulable phosphors have the property of creating and storing a _____ when exposed to X-rays | Latent image
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| Computed radiography is also referred to as | PSP
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| DICOM is a standard that allows imaging modalities and PACS to communicate the same language | True
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| For digital imaging systems, the spatial resolution depends on the size of the ____________________ in the matrix. | pixel
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| Which of the following reduces the output image from the scintillator phosphor to the size of the CCD array? | optical system
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| ____ produce(s) lateral spreading of light, which destroys the spatial resolution of the image. | powdered phosphors
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| Which describes the ability of the imaging system to resolve fine details present in an object? | spatial resolution
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| an eight bit word is called a | byte
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| computers operate using a | binary machine language
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| which layer used in the indirect flat panel digital detector is usually either cesium iodide or gadolinium oxysulfide? | xray scintillator
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| DR is characterized by | the use of a reusable receptor
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| in digital imaging the limiting factor in spatial resolution is the | pixel size
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| ______ is a photoconductor that conducts electrons when struck by light or X-ray photons | selenium
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| when matrix size is increased and pixel size goes down, | spatial resolution increases
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| _______ is a complex mathematical function that measures the ability of the detector to transfer its spatial resolution characteristics to the image | modulation transfer function
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| the window level controls | brightness
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| the exposure indicator number is an | indication of radiation absorbed by the imaging plate
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| each binary number is called a | bit
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| the best signal to noise ratio is | more signal then noise
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| while flat panel indirect detectors use a photodiode, direct detectors use | photoconductor
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| computerized digital images consist of a _____ of picture elements, each with a video display value or gray shade | matrix
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| a histogram is | a graphic representation of X-ray exposure
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| ______ will detect the light from the cesium iodide scintillator in the indirect flat panel TFT detector | sensing area
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| a common feature between indirect and direct DR technology is | TFT
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| in all systems, exposure outside the range indicate | both over and under exposure
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| the purpose of a LUT is to | apple a predetermined scale of contrast to digital data sets
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| _______ deals with the efficiency of a detector to convert the radiation signal at its entrance window into useful image signal | DQE
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| with indirect flat panel TFT digital detectors, what is used to first convert X-ray photons into light photons? | scintillator layer
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| the window width controls | image contrast
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| an MTF of ___ represents a perfect transfer of spatial and contrast information | 1
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| grossly overexposed digital images will demonstrate | a loss of contrast
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| if the digital FOV is 1024 and the display matrix is 256 the pixel size would be | 4
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| which major technical component of a digital radiography system refers to the collection of X-rays transmitted through the patient | data acquisition
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| what does X-ray exposure of the PSP IP create | latent image
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| the layers of a flat panel indirect capture detector include | scintillator phosphor, photodiode, TFT array
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| the _____ descriptor takes into consideration not only the signal to noise ration but also the system noise, and therefore includes a measure of the amount of noise added | DQE
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| the window width | decreases contrast and increases grays
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| which image quality descriptor of a digital image is related to the size of the pixels in the image matrix | spatial resolution
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| given the negative feedback due to underexposures, what does a predictable and unfortunate use of higher exposures result in | dose creep
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| _____ is the max range of pixel value a computer, display monitor, or other digital device can store | bit depth
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| a digital image can be described with respect to several characteristics or fundamental parameters, including the matrix, pixels, voxels, and bit depth | true
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| computerized digital images consists of a ____ of picture elements, each with a video display value or gray shade | matrix
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| the term ____ as used in this book, refers to projection radiography, whereby computers process data collected from patients using special electronic detectors that have replaced the X-ray film cassette | digital radiography
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| digital images are less sensitive to scattered and background radiation | false
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| while standard IPS have thick phosphor layers and absorb more radiation, high resolution IPs have thinner phosphor layers and provide sharper images compared to thick phosphors | true
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| saturation and ALARA violations are the primary reasons to use appropriate exposure level | true
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| the most intense aspect of an X-ray beam is located on the cathode side | true
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| which of the following is a photoconductor that conducts electrons when struck by light of X-ray photons | selenium
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| Larger matrix= smaller pixels=improved sharpness | true
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| the LUT is selected by the operator when a procedure is entered at the console | true
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| When the quality of a digital detector is inspected for purchase, the preferred detector for purchase would have | DQE of 68% and MTF of .80
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| increasing the KVP increases the number of X-ray that X-ray tube emits | true
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| doubling your distance from the radiation source cuts your radiation exposure in half | false
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| the percentage of a detector elements area dedicated to photon absorption | fill factor
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| changes in OID can affect the exposure indicator | true
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| a compton scatter interaction takes place between an X-ray and an outer shell electron | true
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| reducing KVP using a grid and increasing collimation all reduce the production of scattered radiation | false
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| a digital image is composed of a series of rows and columns known as a matrix | true
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| CR systems acquire clinical info by | laser scanning a PSP plate
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| The flat-panel TFT digital detector uses complex and sophisticated electronic circuitry to read out the electrical charges produced and stored in the matrix array. | true
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