RAD protection/Biology. Chap 11. Equipment Design
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| show | 1mGya/hr (100 mR/hr)
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| show | 2 and 1
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| When the size of the x-ray field is restricted, dose is significantly reduced because... | show 🗑
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| show | light localizing variable-aperture rectangular collimator.
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| light localizing variable-aperture rectangular collimator consists of what 3 things? | show 🗑
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| To minimize skin exposure, the patients surface should be at least _____ below the collimator. | show 🗑
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| Simplest of all beam limitation devices? | show 🗑
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| 2 benefits of extending the SID? | show 🗑
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| show | glass envelope, insulating oil, glass window in tube housing. 0.5 mm.
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| show | 1.0 mm
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| Total filtration of _____mm aluminum equivalent for fixed units operating above ______kVp, ______mm aluminum equiv for operating from ____ to ___ kVp, and ____ mm aluminum equiv below ____ kVp. | show 🗑
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| Mammo uses ___ to ___ keV(approx) | show 🗑
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| show | molybdenum
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| When the tube target for mammo is made of ______, the rhodium filters are used. | show 🗑
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| _____ filters allow a lower energy window, therefore they are better for small and average breast thickness. | show 🗑
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| rhodium filters, used with either anode, are better for ____ or ____ breasts because they will produce a beam with higher energy. | show 🗑
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| show | Half Value Layer (HVL)
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| show | At least once a year and after each tube is replaced or repaired.
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| Consistency in output in intensity for identical generator settings form one exposure to subsequent exposures is termed _____. (unit must be able to duplicate exposures for any given combo of kVp and mAs) | show 🗑
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| show | 5
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| show | exposure linearity
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| show | .1 (10%)
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| What is the standard film screen speed for general radiography? | show 🗑
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| show | is reduced by approx half.
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| show | increase. Need to use more mAs.
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| show | grid ratio
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| show | Scintillators (in indirect).... (photoconductor of A-se in direct changes x-rays to electric right away)
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| show | that CR technique factors are generally somewhat greater than those used in conventional radiography, in which 400 speed is typically used.
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| show | Increased image brightness, saving time for the radiologist, patient dose reduction (less mAs is required now)
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| Why use magnification mode? | show 🗑
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| 2 benefits of pulsed fluoro? | show 🗑
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| show | 38 cm (15 inches), 30 cm (12 inches)
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| show | cumulative timer. Sounds at 5 minutes.
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| Current standards limit the ESE rates of general intensified fluoro to a max of ________ mGya per minute (_____ R/min) | show 🗑
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| During C-arm procedures, the II distance should be as _____ as possible to reduce pt dose. | show 🗑
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| To reduce pt dose, the tube should always be above or below the table? | show 🗑
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| show | cinefluorography
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| show | intermitten activation to locate the catheter, limit the time of the cine, use the last image hold feature
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| show | 1-2 Gyt
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| show | 10 days
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| High level control fluoro is used when? What is the SSD and maximum entrance exposure rate? | show 🗑
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| In II systems, pt exposure increases when a smaller viewing mode (15 cm compared to 23 cm) or a ____ speed cine film is used. | show 🗑
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| Switching from 23cm to a 15 cm field of view has approximately what effect on pt dose? | show 🗑
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| show | double it.
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