Chapter 5 Vocab
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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cell cycle | pattern of growth, DNA replication, and cell division that occurs in eukaryotic cells
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mitosis | process by which a cell divides its nucleus and contents
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cytokinesis | process by which the cell cytoplasm divides
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chromosome | long, continuous thread of DNA that consists of numerous gens and regulatory information
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histone | protein that organizes chromosomes and around which DNA wraps
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chromatin | loose combination of DNA and proteins that is present during interphase
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chromatid | one half of a duplicate chromosome
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centromere | region of condensed chromosomes that look pinched; where spindle fibers attach during meiosis and mitosis
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telomere | repeating nucleotides at the ends of DNA molecules that do not form genes and help prevent the loss genes
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prophase | first phase of mitosis when chromatin condenses, the nuclear envelope breaks down, the nucleolus disappears, and the centrosomes and centrioles migrate to opposite sides of the cell
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metaphase | second phase of mitosis when spindle fibers align the chromosomes along the cell equator
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anaphase | third phase of mitosis during which chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite sides of the cell
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telophase | last phase of mitosis when a complete set of identical chromosomes is positioned at each pole of the cell, the nuclear membranes start to form, the chromosomes begin to uncoil, and the spindle fibers disassemble
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growth factor | broad group of proteins that stimulates cell division
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apoptosis | programmed cell death
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cancer | common name for a class of diseases characterized by uncontrollable cell division
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benign | having no dangerous effect on health, especially referring to an abnormal growth of cells that are not cancerous
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malignant | cancerous tumor in which cells break away and spread to other parts of the body, causing harm to the organism's health
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metastasize | to spread by transferring a disease-causing agent from the site of the disease to other parts of the body
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carcinogen | substance that produces or promotes that development of cancer
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asexual reproduction | process by which offspring of produced from a single parent, doesn't involve the joining of gametes
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binary fission | asexual reproduction in which a cell divides into two equal parts
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tissue | group of cells that work together to preform a similar function
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organ | group of different types of tissues that work together to preform a specific function or related functions
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organ system | two or more organs that work in a coordinated way to carry out similar functions
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cell differentiation | process by which unspecialized cells develop into their mature form and function
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stem cell | cells that can divide for long periods of time while remaining undifferentiated
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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