Section 8.2 Photosynthesis..basics and light and dark reactions
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| What is the energy conversion done by some types of autotrophs called photoautotrophs | show 🗑
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| show | carbon dioxide combines with water in the presence of light, chlorophyll, and enzymes to produce glucose and oxygen
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| What names are given to the two phases of photosynthesis | show 🗑
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| show | light energy is absorbed and converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH to be used for the second phase of photosynthesis
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| show | the ATP and NADPH made in the light reactions are used to make glucose when they are combined with carbon dioxide
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| What can happen to glucose once it is formed | show 🗑
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| show | chloroplast
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| show | ATP and NADPH
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| What organelle captures the light during photosynthesis | show 🗑
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| show | the flattened stacks are the thylakoids... and the stacks are the grana... they are the site of the light reaction
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| What name is given to the portion of the chloroplast where the light-independent ( dark reactions... or calvin cycle ) occur. Give a brief description | show 🗑
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| show | they are light absorbing- colored molecules in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast...different pigments absorb specific wavelengths of light
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| What are the major light absorbing pigments in plants.. and what colors do they absorb most strongly and which do they reflect | show 🗑
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| why do plants that contain chlorophyll appear green to the human eye | show 🗑
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| show | false... their are other pigments called accessory pigments that allow plants to trap additional light energy
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| show | carotenoids ( you may have heard of beta - carotene)
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| show | chlorophylls are more abundant than other pigments and hide the colors of the other pigments. as trees prepare to lose their leaves before winter, the chlorophyll molecules break down, allowing the other colors to show or appear
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| show | the thylakoid has a large surface area with space for many electron-transporting molecules, pigments, and proteins ... these have an important role in froming NADPH and ATP... in a structure called an electron transport chain
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| What is split during the light reaction... and how did this happen? | show 🗑
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| show | oxygen
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| show | the light energy strikes chlorophyll and excites the electrons that start the events of the light reaction
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| show | they pump H+ into the thylokoid space which will be used later to make ATP... and they help form NADPH
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| What is NADPH | show 🗑
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| show | there are many hydrogen ions in the thylakoid space ( inside the thylakoid disk) and they move across the thylakoid membrane through ATP synthase providing energy to hook a phosphate to ADP
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| show | it is a structure in the thylakoid membrane that is responsible for making the ATP... as hydrogen goes across the membrane it provides the energy to hook a phosphate (P) to ADP to make ATP ( ADP is adenosine diphosphate)...ATP is triphosphate
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| show | it provides electrons that initiate the electron transport chain and provides H+ to drive ATP synthesis using ATPsynthase
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| What is another name for the light-independent or dark reactions of photosynthesis | show 🗑
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| show | they are not stable enough to store chemical energy for long periods of time. Glucose is more stable for this long term storage
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| show | it uses the ATP and NADPH made during the light reactions to form glucose... this set of reactions need to use carbon dioxide also to provide the carbon for glucose
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| What is the first part of the calvin cycle? explain this portion | show 🗑
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| What is happening in the second part of the calvin cycle | show 🗑
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| Describe the third step of the calvin cycle | show 🗑
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| How do plants use the sugars formed during the calvin cycle ( describe 2 things) | show 🗑
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