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Ecology Review

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Term
Definition
habitat   the specific environment of a species  
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finite (limited) resources   food, space, light, oxygen  
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limiting factors   environmental factors such as the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, light on the forest floor  
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carrying capacity   the number of organisms of one species that an ecosystem can support  
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niche   a species role in an ecosystem  
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producer   all food chains begin with producers; they are autotrophs; largest section of ecology pyramid  
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autotrophs   can make their own food HINT: auto = self  
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consumers   they are heterotrophs  
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heterotrophs   cannot make their own food and instead must obtain food and energy from organic substances  
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herbivore   feeds on plants  
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carnivore   feeds on animals  
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omivore   feeds on both plants and animals  
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scavenger   eats dead organisms  
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parasites   feeds off living organisms  
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decomposers   recycle materials; all food chains end with decomposers; smallest section of ecology pyramid ex. bacteria, fungus  
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energy   only 10% is passed on to the next higher level; 90% is lost to reactions and heat  
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biodiversity   the variety of species in an area; greater the biodiversity, the greater the stability; lost by rainforest clearing, agriculture, over hunting  
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Created by: Ms.Sala
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