Adult vital signs normal ranges
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| oral temperature | 34.6 - 37.6 C (97.6 - 99.6 F)
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| tympanic temperature (adult normal) | 37.0 - 38.1 C (98.6 - 100.6 F)
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| rectal temperature (adult normal) | 37.0 - 38.1 C (98.6 - 110.6 F)
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| axillary temperature (adult normal) | 35.9 - 37.0 C (96.6 - 98.6 F)
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| heart rate (adult normal) | 60 - 100 bpm (beats per minute)
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| respiratory rate (adult normal) | 14 - 20 respirations per minute
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| oxygen saturation (adult normal) | more than or equal to 95%
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| blood pressure (adult normal) | systolic: 100-129 mm Hg
diastolic: 60-80 mm Hg
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| temperature measurement | use a thermometer (tympanic, electronic, or chemical)
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| heart rate measurement | palpate pulse, count number of pulsations per minute
or
count number of auscultated heart sounds per minute
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| respiratory rate measurement | watch the rise and fall of the chest and count the number of respirations per minute
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| oxygen saturation measurement | use pulse or ear pulse oximeter
(clip the probe on the fingertip or earlobe)
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| blood pressure measurement | use sphygmomanometer
(determined through ascultation of Korotkoff sounds as the pulse is deflated, noting when the sounds begin and end)
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| rectal temperature measurement advantages | argued to be more reliable when one cannot obtain an oral temperature
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| rectal temperature measurement disadvantages | lag during rapid temperature changes
not used for patients with diarrhea/rectal surgery/rectal disorders/decreased platelets
not used for routine vital signs in newborns
may be source of patient embarrassment/anxiety
risk of exposure to body fluids
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