Cells-tissues-organs-organ system--organism
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| How are organisms organized | Cells-tissues-organs-organ system-organism
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| Explain Hooke and vanLeeuwenhoek's contribution to cell study | A) Hooke as first cells in cork b) van Leeuwenhoek observed living cells in pond water.
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| Explain the 3 parts of the cell theory | A) all organisms are composed of one or more cells. B) cell is the basic unit of life in all living things. C) all cells come from other cells.
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| What are the two basic shapes of cells in which is animal and which is plants? | Plant cell-square animals-usually round
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| Define cells | Membrane covered structure that contains all the materials necessary for life
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| explain how the size of the cell limits how big a cell can grow. Be sure to include volume and surface area in your answer. | A) Cells are small because the surface is not large enough to bring in enough nutrients or get rid of enough waste to keep cell alive. B) instead grows faster than the outside. i. Big or small organisms have the same size of cells.
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| What is the difference between Prokaryotic and eukaryotic. | A)bacteria and has no nucleus. B)have nucleus. I.e. Animal cells.
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| Explain cell membrane | Made of phospholipids that do not like water so it is semipermeable. -all cells have cell membrane.
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| Explain Cytoplasm | Jellylike material that surrounds organelles.
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| Explain ribosomes and what do they make | A small and is the most abundant organelle b)where amino acids hook together to make proteins
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| Explain endoplasmic reticulum what are its jobs |
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| Explain Golgi bodies | i. Flattened stacked membranes 1. Changes lipids and proteins from rough ER, pinches them off into sacks (vesicles) and ships them out of the cell. A. 1) vesicle- membrane bound structure that carries substances from golgi bodies
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| Explain nucleus and nucleolus | Nucleus- largest organelle and stores DNA nucleolus- in nucleus and stores material used to make Ribosomes
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| What is DNA | Stores DNA deoxyribonucleic acid. Contains information to tell the organelles and the cells what to do.
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| What is the relationship between Golgi bodies and vesicles | Changes lipids and proteins from the rough ER pinches them off into sacks and ships them out of the cell
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| Explain lysosomes | Contain digestive enzymes break down old cells and bacteria garbage trucks of the cell
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| Explain the importance of mitochondria what happens in the mitochondria what is Christae and why is it important include surface area in your answer | Energy is released in this organelle from glucose being broken down active organs leg muscles have more mitochondria has Chris stay inner folds that increase the surface area so more glucose can be broken down and more energy released.
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| Explain chloroplasts | Contain chlorophyll green pigment absorb sunlight where photosynthesis occurs and glucose (sugar) is made.
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| What types of cells contain cell walls and why are cell walls important | Cell wall made of cellulose tough and rigid helps maintain the shape of the cell
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| Define magnification | Magnification how much larger a specimen is when using a microscope
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| List in order from the ability to magnify the least amount to the most amount the three types of microscopes | Light microscope scanning electron microscope in transmission electron microscope
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| Define scanning electron microscope | Scanning electron microscope job is do not use light waves they use electrons to look at surface of object magnify objects at 500, 000x. If you want to look at the surface you may have to cover the surface by a very thin layer of gold.
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| Define transmission electron microscope | Aims beam of lights through thin slices of specimen sticker pieces appear darker magnifies up to 1000, 000X
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| Define tissues | Group of cells that work together to perform a specific job
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| Define Organ | Two or more tissues working together to perform a specific job
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| Organ system | Group of organs working together I E digestive and respiratory
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