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Chapter 1, Unit 1

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Term
Definition
species   a group of organisms that can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring  
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morphology   the branch of biology that deals with the structure or form of organisms  
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phylogeny   the evolutionary history of a species  
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taxonomy   the branch of biology that identifies, names, and classifies species based on natural features  
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binomial nomenclature   the system of giving a two-word Latin name to each species; the first part is the genus and the second part is the species  
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genus (genera)   taxonomic group of a closely related species  
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classification   the group of organisms based on a set of criteria that helps to organize and indicate evolutionary relationships  
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hierarchical classification   the method of classifying organisms in which species are arranged in categories from most general to most specific  
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rank   a level in a classification scheme, such as phylum or order  
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taxon (taxa)   a named group of organisms such as phylum Chordata or order Rodentia  
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ancestor   an organism (or organisms) from which other groups of organisms are descended  
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anatomy   the branch of biology that deals with structure and form, including internal systems  
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physiology   the branch of biology dealing with the physical and chemical functions of organisms, including internal processes  
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phylogenetic tree   a branch diagram used to show the evolutionary relationships among species  
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structural diversity   a type of biological diversity that is exhibited in the variety of structural forms in living things, from internal cell structure to body morphology  
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prokaryotic   a smaller, simple type of cell that does not have a membrane-bound nucleus  
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eukaryotic   a larger, complex type of cell that does have a membrane-bound nucleus  
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dichotomous key   an identification tool consisting of a series of two-part choices that lead the user to a correct identification  
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autotroph   an organism that captures energy from sunlight (or sometimes non-living substances) to produce its own energy-yielding food  
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heterotroph   an organism that cannot make its own food and gets its nutrients and energy from consuming other organisms  
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species diversity   the variety and abundance of species in a given area  
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genetic diversity   the variety of heritable characteristics (genes) in a population of interbreeding individuals  
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ecosystem diversity   the variety of ecosystems in the biosphere  
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gene pool   all the genes of all the individuals in a population  
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population   a group of individuals of the same species in a specific area at a specific time  
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resilience   the ability of an ecosystem to remain functional and stable in the presence of disturbances to its parts  
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Created by: honey.deering
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