Nursing Requirements, Source, Excess, Deficiency
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| Vitamin A (retinol) Functions | show 🗑
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| show | fat soluable - essential for normal formation of bones and teeth. absorbtion of calcium and phosphorus in GI track.
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| Vitamin E (tocopherol)Functions | show 🗑
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| show | fat soluable. essesntial prothrombin formation, blood clotting
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| show | water soluable. wound, burn and fracture healing, antioxidant, supports immune system, formation of collagen. assists in absorption of iron. may play a role in heart disease.
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| Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) Functions | show 🗑
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| Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)Functions | show 🗑
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| Vitamin B3(Niacin)Functions | show 🗑
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| show | water soluble. conversion of tryptophan to niacin. formation of hemoglobin and neurotransmitters. regulates blood glucose. promotes immune funcitons, hemsythesis of amino acids, lowers homocystein which is linked to heart disease.
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| show | water soluble. coenzyme in fatty acid metabolism, function of cells in bone
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| show | water soluble. metabolism of amino acids, maturation of RBC's, new cell formation.
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| Folic Acid Deficiency | show 🗑
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| show | liver, meat, green leafy veg, fish , whole grains
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| show | pernicious and macrocytic anemia, neuro disorders, progressive paralysis
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| Vitamin B12 Sources | show 🗑
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| show | microcytic anemia, dermatitis,GI upset, irritability, weakness, nervousness, skin lesions
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| Vitamin B6 Sources | show 🗑
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| Vitamin B6 Excess | show 🗑
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| show | pellagra (dermatitis), diarrhea, anorexia, lassitude, indigestion, dementia, death
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| show | protein, dairy, fish, eggs, mushrooms, cereals
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| show | toxicty = painful flush and liver damage. reverses antiparkinsons effect of levidopa, loss of sensations, numbness
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| Vitamin B2 Excess | show 🗑
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| show | milk, dairy, riboflavin sensitivite to light = reason milk in opqque of covered
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| Vitamin B2 Deficiency | show 🗑
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| Vitamin B1 Sources | show 🗑
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| show | Tachycardia, headaches, irritability
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| Vitamin B1 Deficiency | show 🗑
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| show | preformed: animal- liver and fish, dairy products (whole milk), grean leafy veg, yellow or bright orange fruit and veg, milk, cheese butter,eggs, oils.
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| show | causes night blindness, rough scaly skin, dry mucous membranes, decreased immune response
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| Vitamin A Excess | show 🗑
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| Vitamin D Deficiency | show 🗑
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| show | toxcitiy = most toxic of vitamins. causes calcium deposits in soft tissues, forms stones, vomiting, diarrhea, growth failure, kidney stones
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| show | sunlight, fortified dairy, fish - salmon and shrimp.
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| Vitamin E Sources | show 🗑
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| Vitamin E Excess | show 🗑
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| show | rare increased hemolysis of RBC's, macrocytic anemia in infants
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| Vitamin K Deficiency | show 🗑
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| Vitamin K Excess | show 🗑
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| show | Green leafy veg,liver,milk,eggs
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| Vitamin C Excess | show 🗑
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| show | Scurvy, poor wound healing, bleeding gums, bruising, bone fragility and softening, joint pain. Increasd need due to stress, smoking, infection, burns/trauma, surgery
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| show | citrus, potatoes, cabbage, tomatoes, broccoli, strawberries
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| show | Fat Soluable. Essential for blood clooting. Conditions may enhance need.
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| show | Water Soluable. Antioxidant, collagen formation, wound healing, strong capilaries - prevent brusing, supports immune system (resists infection) assists in absorption of iron, may play role in heart diesease.
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| show | major mineral. 85% in bones and teeth w/ calcium, RNA-DNA = all growth, energy transfer, buffer system, acid-base balance) essential metabolism of protien.
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| Phosphorus Sources | show 🗑
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| Phosphorus Deficiency | show 🗑
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| show | increased execretion of calcium
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| show | Vitamins that are mostly absorbed by other lipids. They can accumulate in the body causing toxicty or hypervitaminosis. The are not normally excreated in the urine
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| Hypervitaminosis | show 🗑
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| show | A condition that occurs because of a deficiency of one or more vitamins.
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| Water Soluable Vitamins | show 🗑
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| Minerals | show 🗑
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| show | those mineral requiring intake of more than 100mg/day
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| Trace Elements | show 🗑
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| show | trace mineral. essesntial for the synthesis of hemoglobin and myglobin, plays a major role in the transfer of oxgen to body tissues.
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| Iron Deficiency | show 🗑
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| Iron Excess | show 🗑
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| show | animal protein. Increased absorption with vitamin c.
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| show | tace mineral. helps prevent tooth decay, ostporosis and gum disease
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| Fluroide Sources | show 🗑
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| Fluroide Excess | show 🗑
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| Potassium (K+)Function | show 🗑
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| Potassium Excess | show 🗑
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| show | from excessive losses, vomiting, diareha, diuretics, muscle weakness, heart failure.
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| Potassium Sources | show 🗑
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| Calcium (Ca)Function | show 🗑
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| Calcium Sources | show 🗑
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| Calcium Deficiency | show 🗑
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| Sodium (Na)Function | show 🗑
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| Sodium Deficiency | show 🗑
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| Sodium Excess | show 🗑
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| show | salt, milk, veg, processed foods, snacks, pickles, and olives
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| show | major mineral.important to the function of may enzyme systems, helps build strong bones and teeth and regulates heartbeat. Helps relax muscles after contractions, utilized for seizures and constipation.
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| show | Vomiting, diarrhea, alcohol abuse, protien malnutriention, severe tetany (painful muscle contraction). Hallucinations during alcohol w/drawl. Deficiency common in US. Intake w/heart disease
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| Magnesium Source | show 🗑
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| Copper (Cu)Function | show 🗑
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| show | whole grains, seafood, nuts/seeds
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| show | trace mineral.essential for several enzymes, growth, glucose tolerance, wound healing and tast acuity.
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| show | shellfish, meat, milk, eggs
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| show | vomiting, diarhea, fever, exhaustion, copper deficiency, death
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| Chromium Function | show 🗑
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| show | impaired glucose tolerance, elevated BS, coronary atery disease. Toxicity - ulcers, kidney and liver damage
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| Chromium Source | show 🗑
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| show | trace mineral. micronutrient of the thyroid hormone, metabolic rate.
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| Iodine Deficiency | show 🗑
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| Iodine Source | show 🗑
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| show | Works with Vit E to protect cells from oxidation. protects liver heart agaisnt some tumor formation
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| Selenium Deficiency | show 🗑
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| show | low fat meat and shellfish, vegs, grains,diary, legumens.
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