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Chapter 13, The Paramedic by Will Chapleau

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Question
Answer
Regardless of cause of shock what is the primary goal?   Preserve Airway, Breathing, Circulation; appropriate resuscitation measures, and transport the patient quickly.  
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Regardless of cause of shock what are the primary goals?   Preserve Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Appropriate Resuscitation Measures, and transport the patient quickly.  
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3 Components required for perfusion   1.Functioning Pump(The Heart) 2.Appropriately sized container(Vascular System) 3. Adequate circulating blood volume with red blood cells capable of carrying oxygen and removing wastes.  
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5 Categories of Shock   1.Hypovolemic 2.Distributive 3.Cardiogenic 4.Obstructive 5.Metabolic  
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Define Shock   State of inadequate tissue perfusion with reduced amounts of oxygen and glucose being delivered to the bodys cells and tissue.  
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3 Stages of Shock   1.Compensated 2.Decompensated 3.Irreversible  
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ABCDE of Shock   A. Airway B. Breathing C. Circulation D. Assuring Adequate Oxygen E. Achieving End Points.  
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Normal End Points of Shock   Normal BP, Heart Rate, and Urine Output  
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Define and example Hypovolemic Shock   Due to Inadequate circulating blood volume. Trauma, GI Bleed, Ruptured AAA  
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Define and example Distributive Shock   Due to peripheral vasodilation and maldistribution of blood flow. Sepsis, Anaphylaxis, Spinal Cord Injury, Toxic Shock  
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Define and example Cardiogenic Shock   Due to inadequate cardiac pump function. AMI, Dysrhythmias, Overdose.  
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Define and example Obstructive Shock   due to non-cardiac obstruction to blood flow Pulmonary Embolism, Cardiac Tamponade  
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Metabolic Shock   due to toxic disruption of cellular function. CO, Hydrogen Cyanide and Sulfide Poisoning.  
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Cardiac Output Calculation   CO=HR X SV Heart Rate X Stroke Volume  
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Blood Pressure Calculation   BP = CO X SVR Cardiac Output X Systemic Vascular Resistance. SVR aka Afterload  
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Stroke Volume   Amount of blood pumped with each contraction of left ventricle.  
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In the setting of shock, what nervous system overrides the other nervous system.   Sympathetic. Increases heart rate and contractility and causes arterial vasoconstriction to maintain blood flow to vital organs.  
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Urinary System Response in Shock.   Renin, Released from the kidneys and functions as an enzyme that converts angiotension.  
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Endocrine System Response.   Glucagon, released from pancreas serves to increase blood glucose.  
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Failure of two or more organs   Multiple System Organ Failure  
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Positive test of Orthos.   Increase HR of 30 BPM or More Decrease of systolic BP by 20 mmHg or more.  
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Endpoint of Oxygen and ventilatory support.   Pulse Ox above 93-95%  
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