Principles of pharma
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| Agonist drug | Bind to a receptor and trigger the cell's response.
Mimic the effect of natural chemical messengers
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| Antagonist drug | Bind to a receptor but does not trigger the cell's response.
Block receptors from the effects of their natural chemical messengers.
Eg. Atropine
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| Pharamacology | study drugs and and their action on living organisms
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| Drug | Any substance that brings about a change in biological function thru its chemical actions
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| Receptor | A specific PROTEIN in either the plasma membrane or the interior of the target cell ,,,,,,,,,with which a chemical messenger o drug combines
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| Mechanism of Action | The ways by which drugs can produce therapeutic effects
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| Dose | Amount of a drug to be administered at one time
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| Effect (therapeutic effect) | The DESIRED results of administration of a medication
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| Side effects | Effects that are HARMFUL and UNDESIRED, occur in addition to the therapeutic effects.
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| Indication vs Contra-indication | Indications: The reasons for administering a medication or performing a treatment.
Contra-indication: Factors that PREVENT the use of a medication or treatment
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| Onset and duration | Onset: The time for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response
Duration: For how long of the drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic response.
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| Chemical name vs Generic name vs Brand or trade name |
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| Pharmacokinetics | The movements of drug in the body,
ADME
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| Pharmacodynamics | What the drug does to the body
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| Absorption | The movement of drug from its point of entry into the circulatory system into the body.
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| Distribution | The manner in which a drug is transported form the site of absorption to the site of action.
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| Biotransformation | The process by which the drug is inactivated and transformed into a form that can be eliminated
(mainly liver)
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| Excretion | The process of eliminating drugs out of the body
(kidney, liver, intestines,,,)
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| Half life | The time taken for half of the original amount of a drug to be removed.
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| When will the drug be effectively removed? | About 5 half lives
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| Therapeutic range | Drug concentration in the body that produces desired effects in the animal with minimal or no signs of toxicity
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