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biogoly honors chapter 1 vocab

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Term
Definition
biosphere   all organisms and the part of the earth where they exist.  
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biodiversity   variety of life within an area.  
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species   a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and and produce fertile offspring.  
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biology   the scientific study of all forms of life.  
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science   the knowledge obtained by observing natural events and conditions.  
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organism   an individual living thing.  
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cell   basic unit of life.  
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metabolism   all chemical processes that synthesize or breakdown materials within an organism.  
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DNA   molecule that stores genetic information in all organisms.  
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system   changing, organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole.  
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ecosystem   collection of organisms and nonliving things, such as climate, soil, water, and rocks, in an area.  
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homeostasis   regulation and maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism.  
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evolution   change in a species over time; process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors.  
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adaption   inherited trait that is selected for over time because it allows organisms to better survive in their environment.  
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observation   using the senses to study the world; using tools to collect measurements; using tools to collect measurements; examining previous research results.  
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data   observations and measurements recorded during an experiment.  
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hypothesis   proposed explanation or answer to a scientific question.  
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experiment   process that tests a hypothesis by collecting information under controlled conditions.  
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independent variable   condition or factor that is manipulated by a scientist during an experiment.  
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dependent variable   experimental data collected through observation and measurement.  
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constant   condition that is controlled so that it does not change during an experiment.  
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theory   proposed explanation for a wide variety of observations and experimental results.  
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measurement   a determination of the dimensions of something using a standard unit.  
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accuracy   a description of how close a measurement is to the true value of the quantity measured.  
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precision   the exactness of a measurement.  
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microscope   tool that provides an enlarged image of an object.  
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gene   specific region of DNA that codes for a particular protein.  
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molecular genetics   study of DNA structure and function on the molecular level.  
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genomics   study and comparison of genomes within a single species or among different species.  
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biotechnology   use and application of living things and biological processes.  
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transgenic   organisms whose genome has been altered to contain one or more genes from another organism or species  
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