Organelles and their functions
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| What are Organelles? | Distinct structures only found in eukaryotic cells that perform specific functions.
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| What is the function of the Nucleus? | - Contains chromosomes composed of DNA and proteins
- Information in chromosomes controls and produces proteins.
- Proteins coordinate the cell's activities
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| What is the function of the Nucleolus? | - Makes the parts that combine to form ribosomes
- Ribosomes are the cell's protein-producing factories
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| What is the function of the Cell Membrane (or Plasma Membrane) | - Encloses cell contents
- Controls movement of materials into and out of the cell
- Helps maintain cell shape
- Communicates with neighboring cells
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| What is the function of the cytosol(not an organelle)? | - suspends organelles
- is the location of some chemical reactions
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| What is the function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)? | - Produces, processes and transports proteins.
- Parts pinch off to become vesicles for the transport of proteins to the membrane or to other organelles including the Golgi bodies.
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| What is the function of Ribosomes? | - produces proteins
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| What is the function of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum? | - Involved with production of fats, steroids and the detoxification of drugs and poison.
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| What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus (or Golgi Body)? | - Transports, modifies and packages proteins and lipids into containers called vesicles for delivery to targeted destinations.
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| What happens once the vesicles reach their destination (cell wall)? | - They fuse with it, releasing their contents to the outside of the cell by a process called exocytosis.
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| What is the function of the Mitochondria? | - Release energy for use by the cell (aerobic cellular respiration)
- This chemical reaction happens of the inner membrane of the mitochondria, increases surface area and allows the small organelle to do as much work as possible.
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| What is the function of Plastids (Chloroplasts only required)? | - Photosynthesis
- Chlorophyll absorbs light energy.
- Enzymes used to carry out photosynthesis are located in the matrix of the chloroplast.
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| What is the function of the Vacuole? | - To provide support and storage(food, ions, sugar).
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| What is the function of the Cell Wall? | - Maintains shape of cell
- Provides support
-Allows other substances to pass through.
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