Introduction to Law_5th Edition_J.B.Hames_Yvonne Ekern
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| FEDERALISM | A system of government in which the people are regulated by both federal and state governments.
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| EXPRESS POWERS | Powers given to Congree that are spelled out in the constitution.
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| IMPLIED POWERS | The power that Congress has to regulate that is derived from the express powers.
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| COMMERCE CLAUSE | A section of the U.S. Constitution found in article 1 section 8, giving the U.S. Congress the right to regulate foreign and interstate commerce.
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| POLICE POWERS | The authority of states to make laws that provide for the general health, welfare, and safety of its citizens.
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| PREEMPTION | A doctrine referring to the right of the federal government to be the exclusive lawmaker in certain areas.
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| "ex post facto" | "After the fact"; refers to laws that impose criminal responsibility for acts that were not crimes at the time the acts occurred.
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| JURISDICTION | The power or authority to act in a certain situation; the power of a court to hear cases and render judgements.
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| EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION | The sole power or authority to act in a certain situation.
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| CONCURRENT JURISDICTION | A term that describes situations where more than one entity has the power to regulate or act.
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| SUPREMACY CLAUSE | The clause in the U.S. Constitution making the Constitution and the laws of the United States the supreme law of the land.
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| BILL OF RIGHTS | The first ten amendments to the Constitution.
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| SEPARATION OF POWERS | The constitutional doctrine that each of the three branches of government has separate and distinct powers.
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| CHECKS AND BALANCES | The constitutional doctrine that each of the three branches of government operates as a check on the powers of the other branches.
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| BICAMERAL | A term that describes a legislature consisting of two houses.
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| "stare decisis" | "It stands decided"; also known as precedent.
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| CONSTITUTION | A document whose primary purpose is to establish a government and define its powers.
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| CODE | A topical organization of statutes.
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| STATUTORY LAW | Law enacted by a legislature.
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| COMMON LAW | A body of law developed through the courts.
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| PREECEDENT | The example set by the decision of an earlier court for similar cases or similar legal questions that arise in later cases.
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| BINDING CASE LAW | Case law that must be followed by lower courts.
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| INITIATIVE | An action by citizens to enact legislation through the voter process.
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| REFERENDUM | A vote on whether to accept or reject proposed legilation or constitutional amendment.
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| STATUTES AT LARGE | A chronological compilation of statutes.
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