Biology - Study of Life
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| biology | the scientific study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment
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| organism | a living thing, anything that can carry out life processes independently
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| cell | in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and contain DNA and cytoplasm
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| metabolism | the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism
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| system | changing, organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole
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| homeostasis | the maintenance of constant internal state in a changing environment; a constant internal state that is maintained in a changing environment
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| evolution | generally, in biology, the process of change by which new species develop from preexisting species over time
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| adaptation | the process of becoming adapted to an environment; an anatomical, physiological or behavioral change that improves a population's ability to survie
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| acclimation | process in which an individual organism adjusts to a change in its environment such as altitude, temperature so that it can maintain performance across a wide range of environmental conditions
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| hypothesis | a testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation
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| independent variable | condition or factor that is manipulated (changed) by a scientist during an experiment
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| dependent variable | experimental data collected through observation and measurement
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| theory | proposed explanation for a wide variety of observations and experimental results that explains why a phenomenon occurs
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| law | an explanation for a wide variety of observations and experimental results that explains what happens with a specific set of parameters
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| feedback loop | biological mechanism whereby homeostasis is maintained. This occurs when sensory information is collected, evaluated, and acted upon to return to a steady state.
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| stimulus | detectable change (physical or chemical) in the environment of an organism that results in some functional activity
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| effector | a bodily tissue, structure, or organ (such as a gland or muscle) that becomes active in response to communication from the control center
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| control center | often the brain, the part of the feedback loop responsible for determining if a disturbance has occurred
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| control group | The group in a controlled experiment that lacks the independent variable.
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| experimental group | The group in a controlled experiment that includes the independent variable.
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| negative feedback | process that brings a system closer to a target of stability or homeostasis.
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| positive feedback | process that pushes a system farther away from a target of stability or homeostasis.
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Created by:
lpgullett
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