Chapter 12 final class 3
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Average weight of the adult liver | show 🗑
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| Which abdominal quadrant contains the gallbladder? | show 🗑
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| show | falciform ligament
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| Which lobe of the liver is larger, right or left? | show 🗑
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| show | quadrate and caudate
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| T/F the liver performs more than 100 functions? | show 🗑
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| show | FALSE- 1 quart, 800-1000ml
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| 3 primary functions of the gallbladder: | show 🗑
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| T/F concentrated levels of cholesterol in bile may lead to gallstone? | show 🗑
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| show | Duodenal papilla
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| T/F in about 40% of individuals, the end of the common bile ducting the end of the pancreatic duct are totally separated into two ducts rather than combining into one single passageway into the duodenum | show 🗑
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| show | False
Answer: ampulla of vater
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| The gallbladder is located more__________(posteriorly or anteriorly) within the abdomen | show 🗑
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| show | bile ducts
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| 4 advantages of a gallbladder ultrasound instead of the outdated OCG procedure: | show 🗑
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| show | nuclear medicine
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| Cholelithiasis | show 🗑
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| show | inflammation of the gallbladder
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| Biliary stenosis | show 🗑
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| show | surgical removal of the gallbaldder
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| show | 1. mouth
2. pharynx
3. esophagus
4. small intestine
5. large intestine
6. anus
7. stomach
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| show | 1. salivary glands
2. liver
3. gallbladder
4. pancreas
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| 3 primary functions of the digestive system | show 🗑
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| show |
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| show | enlargement or narrowing of the biliary ducts because of the process of stones
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| 2 terms referring to a radiographic examination of the pharynx and esophagus | show 🗑
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| Which term describes the radiographic study of the distal esophagus, stomach and duodenum? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. parotid
2. sublingual
3. submandibular
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| show | deglutition
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| show | 1. nasopharynx
2. oropharynx
3. Laryngopharynx
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| show | 1. aortic arch
2. left primary bronchus
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| show | duodenal bulb or cap
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| show | duodenojejunal flexure
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| show | retroperitoneal
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| T/F the body of the stomach curves inferiorly and posteriorly from the fundus | show 🗑
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| show | rugae
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| Peristaltic activity is NOT found in which of the following structures? a. pharynx b. Esophagus c. Stomach d. small intestine | show 🗑
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| Stomach contents are churned into a semifluid mass called: | show 🗑
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| A churning or mixing activity present in the small bowel is called: | show 🗑
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| show | enzymes
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| show | 1. sugar
2. fatty acids or glycerol
3. amino acids
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| show | bile
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| Absorption of nutrients primarily takes place in(a) _________, although some substances are absorbed through the lining of the (b)_________. | show 🗑
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| Any residues of digestion or unabsorbed digestive products are eliminated from the _________ as a component of feces | show 🗑
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| Peristalsis is an example of which type digestion? | show 🗑
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| Which term describes food once it is mixed with gastric secretions in the stomach? | show 🗑
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| show | hypersthenic
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| A j-shaped stomach that is more vertical and lower in the abdomen with the duodenal bulb at the level of L3-L4 would be found in a(n)__________ patient | show 🗑
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| show | 2.5-5 cm
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| Name the 2 abdominal organs most dramatically affected, in relation to location, by body habitus: | show 🗑
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| Would the fundus of the stomach be more superior or more inferior when one takes in a deep breath? | show 🗑
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| show | TRUE
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| Another term for a negative contrast medium is __________. | show 🗑
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| show | CO2 gas crystals
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| show | barium sulfate
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| Is a mixture of barium sulfate a suspension or a solution? | show 🗑
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| T/F barium sulfate never dissolves in water | show 🗑
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| show | TRUE
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| What is the ratio of water to barium for a thin mixture of barium sulfate? | show 🗑
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| When is the use of barium sulfate contraindicated? | show 🗑
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| What patient condition prevents the use of water-soluble contrast medium for an upper GI? | show 🗑
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| show | providing better coating and visibility of mucosa
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| show | motility
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| What is the purpose of the gas with a double-contrast medium technique | show 🗑
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| Which of the following devices on a digital fluoroscopy system converts the analog into a digital signal? a. PACS b. light converter c. CCD d. OTS | show 🗑
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| show | buck slot shield @ the far end of the table
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| show | 0.5mm
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| show | reduces exposure to the arms and hands of the radiologist
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| show | time, shielding and distance
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| show | distance
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| show | 1. multiple frames
2. cine loop capability
3. optimal post fluoro overhead image
4. image enhancement
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| show | cine loop placement
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| show | difficultly in swallowing
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| show | replacement of normal squamous epithelium within columnar epithelium
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| Esophageal varices | show 🗑
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| Zenker's diverticulum | show 🗑
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| Achalasia | show 🗑
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| show | most common form is adenocarcinoma
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| show | portion of stomach protruding through the diaphragmatic opening
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| show | double-contrast upper GI is recommended for this type of tumor
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| Bezoar | show 🗑
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| show | blood in vomit
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| show | Inflammation of lining of stomach
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| Perforating ulcer | show 🗑
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| show | Synonymous with gastric or duodenal ulcer
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| Diverticula | show 🗑
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| Which procedure is often performed to detect early signs of GERD? | show 🗑
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| Which specific structure of the gastrointestinal system is affected by HPS? (hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, lung infection) | show 🗑
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| Which imaging modality is most effective in diagnosing HPS while reducing dose to the patient? | show 🗑
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| NPO | show 🗑
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| show | false, 8 hours
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| show | TRUE
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| show | barium soaked in cotton balls
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| show | 1. water test
2. breathing exercises
3. compression technique
4. toe-touch maneuver
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| A breathing technique in which the patient takes in a deep breath and bears down is called the | show 🗑
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| What position is the patient usually placed in during the water test? | show 🗑
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| Which region of the GI tract is better visualized when the radiologist uses a compression paddle during an esophagram? | show 🗑
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| What type of contrast medium should be used if the patient has a history of bowel perforation? | show 🗑
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| What is the minimum amount of time that the patient should be NPO before an upper GI? | show 🗑
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| Why should cigarette use and gum chewing be restricted before an upper GI? | show 🗑
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| show | left
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| What type of fluoroscopy generator is recommended for pediatric procedures? | show 🗑
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| Which one of the following modalities is an alternative to an esophagram in detecting esophageal varices? a. nuclear medicine b. computed tomography c. sonography d. endoscopy | show 🗑
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| Gastric | show 🗑
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| How much rotation of the body should be used for the RAO projection of the esophagus? | show 🗑
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| Why is the RAO preferred over the the LAO for the esophagram? | show 🗑
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| show | optional swimmer lateral
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| show | RAO,
Lateral,
AP
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| Which aspect of the GI tract is best demonstrated with an RAO position during an upper GI? | show 🗑
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| show | 40 to 70 degrees
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| What is the average kV range for an esophagram and upper GI when using barium sulfate (single contrast study)? | show 🗑
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| Which aspect of the upper GI tract will be filled with barium in the PA projection (prone position)? | show 🗑
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| show | 35 to 45 degrees cephalad
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| show | 90 to 100 kV
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| The upper GI series usually begins with the table and patient in the ____________position | show 🗑
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| show | LUQ
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| show | right
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| T/F respiration should be suspended during inspiration for the upper GI projection | show 🗑
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| 3 subdivisions of the stomach are | show 🗑
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| The 5 most common routine projections for an upper GI series are (not counting a possible AP scout projection): | show 🗑
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| show | Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a digestive disorder that affects the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the esophagus and stomach. Many people, including pregnant women, suffer from heartburn or acid indigestion because of GERD
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