Lymphatic and Immune System Mrs D
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| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome | is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
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| allergen | a substance that causes an allergic reaction.
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| anaphylaxis | an acute allergic reaction to an antigen (e.g., a bee sting) to which the body has become hypersensitive.
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| antibody | a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen.
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| antigen | a toxin or other foreign substance that induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.
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| antiviral | (chiefly of a drug or treatment) effective against viruses.
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| aspergillosis | a condition in which certain fungi infect the tissues. It most commonly affects the lungs, owing to inhalation of spores from moldy hay, and is then informally called farmer's lung.
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| autoimmune disorder | in which the body produces antibodies that attack its own tissues, leading to the deterioration and in some cases to the destruction of such tissue.
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| axillary lymph nodes | (20 to 49 in number) drain lymph vessels from the lateral quadrants of the breast, the superficial lymph vessels from thin walls of the chest and the abdomen above the level of the navel, and the vessels from the upper limb.
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| bacilli | a rod-shaped bacterium.
a disease-causing bacterium.
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| bacteria | a member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms that have cell walls but lack organelles and an organized nucleus, including some that can cause disease.
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| bactericide | a substance that kills bacteria.
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| bacteriostatic | agent or bacteriostat, abbreviated Bstatic, is a biological or chemical agent that stops bacteria from reproducing, while not necessarily killing them otherwise.
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| brachytherapy | the treatment of cancer, especially prostate cancer, by the insertion of radioactive implants directly into the tissue.
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| carinoma | a cancer arising in the epithelial tissue of the skin or of the lining of the internal organs.
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| cervical lymph nodes | refers to lymphadenopathy of the cervical lymph nodes (the glands in the neck). The term lymphadenopathy strictly speaking refers to disease of the lymph nodes, often however the term refers to enlargement of the lymph nodes.
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| complement | a thing that completes or brings to perfection.
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| cytomegalovirus | a kind of herpesvirus that usually produces very mild symptoms in an infected person but may cause severe neurological damage in people with weakened immune systems and in the newborn.
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| cytotoxic | toxic to living cells.
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| ductal carcinoma in situ | is the presence of abnormal cells inside a milk duct in the breast. DCIS is considered the earliest form of breast cancer.
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| elisa | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, an immunological assay technique making use of an enzyme bonded to a particular antibody or antigen.
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| herpes oster | a herpesvirus that causes shingles and chickenpox.
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| hodgkin' disease | is a type of lymphoma. Lymphoma is a cancer of a part of the immune system called the lymph system
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| human immunodeficiency virus | is a virus that attacks the immune system, the body's natural defense system.
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| immunodeficiency disorder | is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent.
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| immunoglobulin | any of a class of proteins present in the serum and cells of the immune system, that function as antibodies.
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| immunologist | is a branch of biology that covers the study of immune systems in all organisms.
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| immunosuppressant | An agent that can suppress or prevent the immune response
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| immunosuppression | the partial or complete suppression of the immune response of an individual. It is induced to help the survival of an organ after a transplant operation.
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| immunotheraphy | the prevention or treatment of disease with substances that stimulate the immune response.
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| infectious mononucleosis | an infectious viral disease characterized by swelling of the lymph glands and prolonged lassitude.
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| infiltrating ductal carcinoma | is cancer that began growing in the duct and has invaded the fatty tissue of the breast outside of the duct. IDC is the most common form of breast cancer, representing 80 percent of all breast cancer diagnoses.
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| infiltrating lobular carcinoma | is a type of breast cancer that begins in the milk-producing glands (lobules) of the breast.
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| inguinal lymph nodes | any of the superficial lymphatic nodes of the groin made up of two more or less distinct groups of which one is disposed along the inguinal ligament and the other about the saphenous opening.
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| interferon | a protein released by animal cells, usually in response to the entry of a virus, that has the property of inhibiting virus replication.
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| Kaposi's sarcoma | a form of cancer involving multiple tumors of the lymph nodes or skin, occurring chiefly in people with depressed immune systems, e.g., as a result of AIDS.
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| lumpectomy | a surgical operation in which a lump is removed from the breast, typically when cancer is present but has not spread.
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| lymphadenitis | inflammation of the lymph nodes.
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| lymphadenitis | inflammation of the lymph nodes.
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| lymphadenopathy | a disease affecting the lymph nodes.
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| lymphangiogram | is a special x-ray of the lymph nodes and lymph vessels.
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| lymphangioma | are malformations of the lymphatic system characterized by lesions that are thin-walled cysts; these cysts can be macroscopic, as in a cystic hygroma, or microscopic.
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| lymphedema | is a condition of localized fluid retention and tissue swelling caused by a compromised lymphatic system, which normally returns interstitial fluid to the thoracic duct, then the bloodstream.
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| lymphocytes | a form of small leukocyte (white blood cell) with a single round nucleus, occurring especially in the lymphatic system.
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| lymphokines | a substance produced by lymphocytes, such as interferon, that acts upon other cells of the immune system, e.g., by activating macrophages.
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| lymphoma | cancer of the lymph nodes.
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| macrophage | a large phagocytic cell found in stationary form in the tissues or as a mobile white blood cell, especially at sites of infection.
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| meastasis | the development of secondary malignant growths at a distance from a primary site of cancer.
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| metastasize | (of a cancer) spread to other sites in the body by metastasis.
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| moniliasis | Yeast infection of the mouth and throat caused by a fungus formerly called Monilia, now known as Candida albicans.
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| metastasize | (of a cancer) spread to other sites in the body by metastasis.
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| myoma | A tumor of muscle. Myoma can refer specifically to a benign tumor of uterine muscle, also called a leiomyoma or a fibroid.
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| myosarcoma | is a malignant muscle tumor. Leiomyosarcoma is sarcoma of smooth muscle, and rhabdomyosarcoma is sarcoma of striated muscle
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| neoplasm | a new and abnormal growth of tissue in some part of the body, especially as a characteristic of cancer.
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| neuroblastoma | a malignant tumor composed of neuroblasts, most commonly in the adrenal gland.
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| non-hodgkins lymphoma | a form of malignant lymphoma distinguished from Hodgkin's disease only by the absence of binucleate giant cells.
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| oncologist | a medical practitioner qualified to diagnose and treat tumors.
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| oncology | the study and treatment of tumors.
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| opportunistic infection | is an infection caused by pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoa) that take advantage of an opportunity not normally available, such as a host with a weakened immune system, an altered microbiota ), or breached integumentary barriers.
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| osteosarcoma | a malignant tumor of bone in which there is a proliferation of osteoblasts.
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| parasite | an organism that lives in or on another organism (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host's expense.
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| pathogen | a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.
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| phagocyte | a type of cell within the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles.
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| phagocytosis | the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and amoeboid protozoans.
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| rabies | a contagious and fatal viral disease of dogs and other mammals that causes madness and convulsions, transmissible through the saliva to humans.
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| retinoblastoma | a rare malignant tumor of the retina, affecting young children.
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| rickettsia | any of a group of very small bacteria that includes the causative agents of typhus and various other febrile diseases in humans. Like viruses, many of them can only grow inside living cells, and they are frequently transmitted by mites, ticks, or lice.
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| rubella | a contagious viral disease, with symptoms like mild measles. It can cause fetal malformation if contracted in early pregnancy.
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| sarcoma | a malignant tumor of connective or other nonepithelial tissue.
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| spirochetes | a flexible spirally twisted bacterium, especially one that causes syphilis.
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| splenomegaly | abnormal enlargement of the spleen.
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| splenorrhagia | Hemorrhage from a ruptured spleen
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| staphylococci | a bacterium of a genus that includes many pathogenic kinds that cause pus formation, especially in the skin and mucous membranes.
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| streptococci | a bacterium of a genus that includes the agents of souring of milk and dental decay, and hemolytic pathogens causing various infections such as scarlet fever and pneumonia.
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| teletherapy | is the most common form of radiotherapy (radiation therapy). The patient sits or lies on a couch and an external source of ionizing radiation is pointed at a particular part of the body.
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| thymus | a lymphoid organ situated in the neck of vertebrates that produces T cells for the immune system. The human thymus becomes much smaller at the approach of puberty.
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| Western blot test | The confirmatory HIV test employs a western blot to detect anti-HIV antibody in a human serum sample. Proteins from known HIV-infected cells are separated and blotted on a membrane as above. ...
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