peds urinary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| when does the infant's urinary system function as adult's | by 6 - 12 months old
🗑
|
||||
| what do premies decrease reabsorption of | glucose, sodium, bicarb, phosphate
🗑
|
||||
| when is continence achieved | 4 - 5 yo
🗑
|
||||
| can urinary function be regained after ARF | yes
🗑
|
||||
| what does a u/a test for | spec. gravity, ph, protein, glucose, keytones, WBCs, bacteria, casts
🗑
|
||||
| what does incresed WBCs mean | infection or contamination during collection
🗑
|
||||
| what kind of test is u/a | c&s
🗑
|
||||
| what to look for in CBC | bun, creatinine, osmolarity
🗑
|
||||
| what are physical s/s of urinary defect | cloudy, foul smelling urine, particles
🗑
|
||||
| what kind of radiologic tests done | ct, vcug, dmsa, renal us, ivp, kub
🗑
|
||||
| what does vcug test for | reflux of urine in bladder
🗑
|
||||
| what does dmsa test for | blood flow, scarring
🗑
|
||||
| what does renal us test for | position & size of kidneys, locates masses, stones & obstructions
🗑
|
||||
| what does ct test for | tumors
🗑
|
||||
| what does ivp test for | bladder emptying, masses
🗑
|
||||
| what does kub test for | stones
🗑
|
||||
| are urodynamic test invasive | yes
🗑
|
||||
| when should bladder control be expected | 4 - 6 yo
🗑
|
||||
| what kind of milestone is bladder control | developmental
🗑
|
||||
| what is enuresis | repeated involuntary voiding
🗑
|
||||
| what is notcutia | enuresis at night
🗑
|
||||
| what is diuria | enuresis in the day
🗑
|
||||
| what is primary enuresis | child has no dry nightsd/t a delay in maturation, small bladder
🗑
|
||||
| what is intermittent enuresis | child has an occasional dry night d/t
🗑
|
||||
| what is secondary enuresis | child is dry for 6 mo - 1 yr, then reverts back to bedwetting
🗑
|
||||
| what causes enuresis | child is hard to rouse from sleep, not aware of bladder signal, unstable bladder contractions, DM or renal insufficiency, spinal bifida, constipation
🗑
|
||||
| what labs indicate enuresis | u/a positive for e. coli d/t proximity to anus, ultrasound, vcug to view reflux
🗑
|
||||
| what is the Tx for enuresis | fluid restriction, bladder training, enuresis alarm, meds
🗑
|
||||
| what meds can be given for enuresis | imiparamine (tricyclic antidepressant), desmopressin (nose spray), oxybutynin chloride (anticholinergic for diuria)
🗑
|
||||
| what are some nursing Dx for enuresis | situational low self esteem, impaired social interaction, compromised family coping, risk for impaired skin integrity
🗑
|
||||
| what are some causes of UTIs | organisms (e. coli, staph, enterococcus), obstructions, voiding dysfunctions, anatomical differences, reflux, urinary retention, individual susceptibility, excessive masturbation, sexual abuse
🗑
|
||||
| what are s/s of UTI of the newborn | unexplained fever, FTT, poor feeding, vomiting & diarhea, strong smelling urine, irritability
🗑
|
||||
| when should a child have a u/a | any child less than 2 should have a ua with fever of unknown origin
🗑
|
||||
| what can UTI progress to | polynephritis
🗑
|
||||
| what tests are done for UTI | u/a for bacteria, c&s, dipstick leukocyte esterase for WBC, nitrate dipstick for bacteria
🗑
|
||||
| how is urine collected for a u/a | clean catch, sterile cath or supra pubic aspiration
🗑
|
||||
| what radiologic studies are done for UTIs | renal us & vcug, renal cortical scintigraphy
🗑
|
||||
| how are UTIs treated | abx for 3-5 days
🗑
|
||||
| what kind of abx are given for UTIs | sulfamides (Bactrim), nitrofurantoins (Macrodantin) & cephlosporins (rocephin)
🗑
|
||||
| what should you teach parents about UTI meds | drink lots of water, teach how to administer store
🗑
|
||||
| what are s/s of children with pyelonephritis | UTI s/s plus high fever & chills, back pain, CVA tenderness, n & v, looks sick
🗑
|
||||
| what are s/s of a child with a UTI | abd pain, frequent, urgent & painful voiding, fever
🗑
|
||||
| how do you prevent a UTI | wipe front to back & clean foreskin, don't hold urine, drink fluids to flush bladder, loose cotton underwear, no bubble baths, void b4 & after sex
🗑
|
||||
| how do you manage a UTI | give all meds, take child to dr for follow up, call dr if s/s worsen
🗑
|
||||
| what is Tx for pyelonephritis for infants | iv abx & hydration (in hospital), surgery to repair ureters
🗑
|
||||
| what is Tx for children with pyelonephritis | im abx (outpatient), then po at home, surgery
🗑
|
||||
| how do you assess for a UTI | vs, i&o, abd palpate & percussion, u/a, c&s, spec gravity
🗑
|
||||
| what is the most common type of nephrotic syndrome | primary
🗑
|
||||
| what is primary nephrotic syndrome caused by caused by | a disorder of the glomerulus
🗑
|
||||
| how can a child acquire secondary nephrotic syndrome | secondary to a systemic disease (lupus, cancer, heavy metal poisoning)
🗑
|
||||
| what are s/s of nephrotic syndrome | abrupt preorbital or lower extremity edema, wt. gain, HTN, anorexia, hemauria (coca-cola colored urine), decreased output, malaise, frothy urine, respiratory distress, abd pain, malnourished, pale & skinny, prominent veins, brittle hair
🗑
|
||||
| what labs confirm nephrotic syndrome | *proteinurea of 50 mg/kg/day, serum albumin less than 20, increased BUN or creatinine
🗑
|
||||
| when does MCNS occur | 2-6 y.o. boys
🗑
|
||||
| is BP normal or abnormal in child with MCNS | normal
🗑
|
||||
| what are many children with MCNS misdiagnosed with | allergies d/t periorbital edema & resp problems
🗑
|
||||
| what labs Dx MCNS | 3-4+ proteinuria, dark & frothy urine, microscopic hematuria, elevated serum cholesterol, triglycerides & h/h, decresed serum albumin
🗑
|
||||
| what is done for a child not responding to Tx for MCNS | biopsy
🗑
|
||||
| what is Tx for nephrotic syndrome | 5-7 days of prednisone, iv fluids with albumin, alkylating agents (Cytoxin or Leukeran), oral diuretics, ACE inhibitor, broad spectrum Abx, no live immunizations for 6 mos, normal diet but no added salt if on corticosteroids
🗑
|
||||
| what are causes of poly cystic kidney disease | genetic disorder, liver abnormalities, dilation of collecting ducts, enlarged kidneys of newborns
🗑
|
||||
| what are s/s of pckd | r sided HTN, hematuria, frequent urination, poor growth, UTIs, proteinuria, polyurea & polydypsia, uremia
🗑
|
||||
| what tests detect pckd | renal us, renal biopsy, liver funct. test (normal at first, then abnormal)
🗑
|
||||
| what is Tx for pckd | teach diet & med, enteral nutrition, peritoneal dyalisis, transfusion
🗑
|
||||
| what is acute glomerulonephritis | inflammation of the glomeruli
🗑
|
||||
| what is acute glomerulonephritis caused by | group a beta strep, pneumococcus & coxsackie virus
🗑
|
||||
| what age group is more susceptible to acute glomerulonephritis | 5-8 y.o.
🗑
|
||||
| what are s/s of acute glmerulonephritis | lethargy (1st sign), microscopic hematuria, tea colored urine, mild periorbital edma, HTN, feverish, abd pain, headache, CVA tenderness
🗑
|
||||
| what tests Dx acute glomerulonephritis | BUN & creatinine, elevated K & bicarb, ESR, serum lipids increased & ASO titer, anti DNAse B titer, decreased serum C3, u/a
🗑
|
||||
| what to look for in u/a to Dx acute glomerulonephritis | decreased Ph, hematuria, proteinuria, tea colored, WBC
🗑
|
||||
| what is Tx for acute glomerulonephritis | Tx s/s for HTN- antiHTNs (Apresoline), diuretics (Lasix) & diet -fluid & sodium restrictions
🗑
|
||||
| what are some congenital abnormalities of the GU tract | hypospadius/epispadius & cryptochordism
🗑
|
||||
| how is hypospadius/epispadius Dx | prenatal US or examination at birth
🗑
|
||||
| what is Tx for hypospadius/epispadius | surgical repair, pain mngmnt (muscle relaxants for bladder spasms), restrict play & strict I&O
🗑
|
||||
| what meds are used to Tx hypo/epispadius | pain- tylenol, Abx- til stent falls out, anticholinergis- ditropan, levbid
🗑
|
||||
| what is cryptochodism | undescended testicle
🗑
|
||||
| what does cryptochodism result in | testosterone deficiency
🗑
|
||||
| what should be done for a child with ESRD | renal transplant
🗑
|
||||
| what needs to be done before a renal transplant | dialysis
🗑
|
||||
| where do donors for renal transplant come from | relatives or cadavers
🗑
|
||||
| what is a requirement for renal transplant | must be ABO compatible
🗑
|
||||
| which has a higher rate of survival, a donor from a relative or cadaver | relative
🗑
|
||||
| wht improves the survival of a graft | human leukocyte antigen
🗑
|
||||
| when should children waiting for a renal transplant get dialysis | severe FVO, CHF secondary to FVO, pulmonary edema, severe HTN, metabilic acidosis or hyperkalemia not ersponsive to meds & BUN more than 120
🗑
|
||||
| Whats the most common complication of renal transplants | rejection
🗑
|
||||
| what msut patient do if they reject the new kidney | take antirejection drugs for the rest of their life
🗑
|
||||
| what antirejection drugs can be given | Neoral, azathioprine, prograg, mycophenolate mofetil, prednisone
🗑
|
||||
| what are some complications of renal transplants | opportunistic infections, lymphomas, skin cancer, HTN, non-compliance (teenagers, unstable family, low self esteem)
🗑
|
||||
| how to you manage care of a renal transplant pt. | teach pre & post op procedures (TCDB, IS), meds, follow up appts., health promotion(stay out of bad weather, crowds), s/s acute rejection & infection, how to contact MD
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
jclrn2010
Popular Nursing sets