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Chapter 12 Vocabulary

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Term
Definition
law of universal gravitation   every object in the universe attracts every other object, depending on their masses and distances from one another  
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solstice   the two days of the year in which the sun's most direct rays reach farthest north or farthest south  
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equinox   the two days of the year when day and night are almost the same length everywhere on earth  
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crescent   the moon phase in which less than half of the moon's sunlit side is visible  
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gibbous   the moon phase in which more than half, but not all, of the moon's sunlit side is visible  
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wax   to grow  
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wane   to shrink  
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lunar eclipse   an event that occurs when Earth passes directly between the sun and the moon, causing the moon to be temporarily "eclipsed" or hidden  
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solar eclipse   an event that occurs when the moon passes directly between the sun and Earth, causing the sun to be temporarily "eclipsed" or hidden  
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tide   the periodic rising and falling of the surface level of ocean water  
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spring tide   a condition of the greatest difference between low and high tides  
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neap tide   a condition of the LEAST difference between low and high tides  
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revolution   the movement of going around an object  
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rotation   the movement of spinning on an axis  
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mass   a measure of how much matter is within an object; greater the mass, the greater the gravity of an object  
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axis   an imaginary line that Earth spins on at a 23.5 degree angle  
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